Nyuma yimyaka irenga 80 yiterambere, inganda za calcium karbide mubushinwa zahindutse inganda zingenzi z’ibanze. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe niterambere ryihuse ryubukungu bwimbere mu gihugu hamwe n’ibikenerwa bikenerwa na karisiyumu ya calcium munsi, ubushobozi bwa calcium karbide yo mu gihugu bwagutse vuba. Mu mwaka wa 2012, mu Bushinwa hari inganda 311 za calcium karbide, kandi umusaruro wageze kuri toni miliyoni 18. Mu bikoresho by'itanura rya calcium karbide, electrode ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi, bigira uruhare mu gutwara no guhererekanya ubushyuhe. Mu gukora kariside ya calcium, umuyagankuba winjira mu itanura unyuze kuri electrode kugirango ubyare arc, kandi ubushyuhe bwo guhangana nubushyuhe bwa arc bikoreshwa mukurekura ingufu (ubushyuhe bugera kuri 2000 ° C) kugirango kariside ya kariside ishongeshe. Imikorere isanzwe ya electrode iterwa nibintu nkubwiza bwa paste ya electrode, ubwiza bwigikonoshwa cya electrode, ubwiza bwo gusudira, uburebure bwigihe cyo kurekura umuvuduko, nuburebure bwakazi ka electrode. Mugihe cyo gukoresha electrode, urwego rukora rwumukoresha rurakomeye. Imikorere idahwitse ya electrode irashobora gutera byoroshye kumeneka byoroshye kandi bikomeye bya electrode, bikagira ingaruka ku ihererekanyabubasha ry’ingufu z’amashanyarazi, bigatera kwangirika kw itanura, ndetse bikanangiza imashini n’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi. Umutekano wubuzima bwumukoresha. Urugero, ku ya 7 Ugushyingo 2006, icyuho cyoroheje cya electrode cyabereye mu ruganda rwa calcium karbide i Ningxia, bituma abakozi 12 bari aho batwikwa, barimo 1 bapfa abandi 9 barakomereka bikabije. Mu mwaka wa 2009, icyuho gikomeye cya electrode cyabereye mu ruganda rwa kariside ya calcium i Sinayi, bituma abakozi batanu bari aho batwikwa bikabije.
Isesengura ryibitera gucika byoroshye kandi bikomeye bya calcium karbide itanura electrode
1.Kora isesengura ryoroshye rya calcium karbide itanura electrode
Umuvuduko wo gucumura wa electrode uri munsi yikigereranyo cyo gukoresha. Nyuma ya electrode idacanwa ishyizwe hasi, bizatera electrode kumeneka buhoro. Kunanirwa kwimura itanura mugihe bishobora gutera gutwikwa. Impamvu zihariye zo guhagarika electrode yoroshye ni:
1.1 Ibyiza bya electrode paste ubuziranenge hamwe nibihindagurika bikabije.
1.2 Urupapuro rwicyuma cya electrode rworoshye cyane cyangwa rwinshi. Biroroshye cyane kwihanganira imbaraga nini zo hanze no guturika, bigatuma ingunguru ya electrode yikubita cyangwa igatemba kandi ikavunika byoroshye iyo ikanda hasi; umubyimba mwinshi kugirango utere igikonoshwa cyicyuma hamwe na electrode yibanze kugirango idahura cyane hagati yacyo kandi intandaro irashobora gutera Soft break.
1.3 Igikonoshwa cya electrode icyuma gikozwe nabi cyangwa ubwiza bwo gusudira ni bubi, butera gucika, bikavamo kumeneka cyangwa kumeneka byoroshye.
1.4 Electrode irakanda kandi igashyirwa kenshi, intera ni ngufi cyane, cyangwa electrode ni ndende cyane, itera gucika byoroshye.
1.5 Niba paste ya electrode itongewe mugihe, umwanya wa electrode paste ni muremure cyane cyangwa hasi cyane, bizatera electrode kumeneka.
1.6 Ikariso ya electrode nini cyane, ititaye mugihe wongeyeho paste, kuruhukira ku rubavu no kuba hejuru, birashobora gutera kuvunika byoroshye.
1.7 Electrode ntabwo yacumuye neza. Iyo electrode yamanuwe hanyuma imaze kumanurwa, umuyoboro ntushobora kugenzurwa neza, kuburyo umuyaga ari munini cyane, kandi ikariso ya electrode irashya kandi electrode ikavunika buhoro.
1.8 Iyo umuvuduko wa electrode ugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi kuruta umuvuduko wo gucumura, ibice byo kumanika muri shaping biragaragara, cyangwa ibintu bitwara ibintu bigiye gushyirwa ahagaragara, dosiye ya electrode itwara amashanyarazi yose kandi ikabyara ubushyuhe bwinshi. Iyo dosiye ya electrode yashyutswe hejuru ya 1200 ° C, imbaraga zingana ziragabanuka Kuri Ntishobora kwihanganira uburemere bwa electrode, hazabaho impanuka yoroshye.
2.Kora isesengura ryo kumeneka gukomeye kwa calcium karbide itanura electrode
Iyo electrode ivunitse, iyo kariside ya calcium yashongeshejwe, uyikoresha nta ngamba zo gukingira afite kandi kunanirwa kwimuka mugihe bishobora gutera umuriro. Impamvu zihariye zo gucika bikomeye electrode ni:
2.1 Ububiko bwa electrode mubusanzwe ntibubitswe neza, ibivu byivu ni byinshi cyane, hashyizweho umwanda mwinshi, paste ya electrode irimo ibintu bike bihindagurika cyane, gucumura imburagihe cyangwa gufatana nabi, bigatuma electrode imeneka cyane.
2.2 Ibipimo bitandukanye bya electrode paste, igipimo gito cyo guhuza, kuvanga kutaringaniye, imbaraga za electrode nke, hamwe na binder idakwiye. Nyuma ya paste ya electrode imaze gushonga, ubunini bwibice bizacika, bigabanya imbaraga za electrode kandi bishobora gutera electrode kumeneka.
2.3 Hariho umuriro mwinshi w'amashanyarazi, kandi amashanyarazi akenshi arahagarara akingurwa. Ku bijyanye no kunanirwa kw'amashanyarazi, ingamba zikenewe ntizafashwe, bikaviramo electrode gucika no gucumura.
2.4 Hariho umukungugu mwinshi ugwa mugikonoshwa cya electrode, cyane cyane nyuma yigihe kirekire cyo kuzimya, igicucu cyinshi cyivu kizegeranya mugikonoshwa cya electrode. Niba idasukuwe nyuma yo kohereza amashanyarazi, bizatera electrode gucumura no gusiba, bizatera Electrode gucika.
2.5 Umwanya wo kunanirwa kwamashanyarazi ni muremure, kandi igice cyakazi cya electrode nticyashyinguwe mumashanyarazi kandi kirimo okiside cyane, nacyo kizatera electrode kumeneka cyane.
2.6 Electrode irashobora gukonja vuba no gushyuha byihuse, bikavamo itandukaniro rikomeye ryimbere; kurugero, itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati ya electrode yinjijwe imbere no hanze yibikoresho mugihe cyo kubungabunga; itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati yimbere ninyuma yikintu cyo guhuza ni kinini; ubushyuhe butaringaniye mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi birashobora gutera gucika.
2.7 Uburebure bwakazi bwa electrode ni ndende cyane kandi imbaraga zo gukurura nini cyane, ni umutwaro kuri electrode ubwayo. Niba ibikorwa bititondewe, birashobora no gutera kuruhuka gukomeye.
2.8 Umubare wumwuka utangwa numuyoboro wa electrode ufite ni muto cyane cyangwa uhagaritswe, kandi ubwinshi bwamazi akonje ni make cyane, bigatuma paste ya electrode ishonga cyane kandi ihinduka nkamazi, bigatuma ibintu bya karubone bigabanuka, bikagira ingaruka imbaraga zo gucumura za electrode, no gutera electrode kumeneka bikomeye.
2.9 Ubucucike bwa electrode nini nini, ishobora gutera electrode kumeneka bikomeye.
Kurwanya ingamba zo kwirinda amashanyarazi yoroshye kandi akomeye
1.Ibisubizo kugirango wirinde kumeneka byoroshye itanura rya calcium karbide
1.1 Kugenzura neza uburebure bwakazi bwa electrode kugirango uhuze ibisabwa na calcium karbide.
1.2 Umuvuduko wo kugabanuka ugomba guhuzwa numuvuduko wa electrode.
1.3 Kugenzura buri gihe uburebure bwa electrode nuburyo bworoshye kandi bukomeye; urashobora kandi gukoresha icyuma kugirango ufate electrode hanyuma wumve amajwi. Niba wunvise amajwi yoroheje cyane, birerekana ko ari electrode ikuze. Niba atari ijwi ryoroshye cyane, electrode iroroshye cyane. Byongeye, ibyiyumvo nabyo biratandukanye. Niba icyuma kitumva imbaraga iyo gishimangiwe, byerekana ko electrode yoroshye kandi umutwaro ugomba kuzamurwa buhoro.
1.4 Kugenzura buri gihe gukura kwa electrode (urashobora gusuzuma imiterere ya electrode ukoresheje uburambe, nka electrode nziza yerekana uruhu rutukura rwijimye rwijimye; electrode yera, ifite ibice byimbere, kandi uruhu rwicyuma ntiruboneka, irumye cyane, electrode isohora umwotsi wumukara, umukara, Ingingo yera, ubwiza bwa electrode bworoshye).
1.5 Kugenzura buri gihe ubuziranenge bwo gusudira bwa electrode shell, igice kimwe kuri buri gusudira, nigice kimwe cyo kugenzura.
1.6 Kugenzura buri gihe ubuziranenge bwa paste ya electrode.
1.7 Mugihe cyingufu-zokuzamura-igihe, umutwaro ntushobora kwiyongera vuba. Umutwaro ugomba kwiyongera ukurikije ubukure bwa electrode.
1.8 Kugenzura buri gihe niba imbaraga zifatika za electrode ihuza ibintu bikwiye.
1.9 Gupima buri gihe uburebure bwa electrode paste inkingi, ntabwo iri hejuru cyane.
1.10 Abakozi bakora ibikorwa byubushyuhe bwo hejuru bagomba kwambara ibikoresho birinda umuntu birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushyuhe.
2.Ibisubizo byo kwirinda kumeneka gukomeye kwa calcium karbide itanura electrode
2.1 Fata neza uburebure bwakazi bwa electrode. Electrode igomba gupimwa buri minsi ibiri kandi igomba kuba yuzuye. Mubisanzwe, uburebure bwakazi bwa electrode bwijejwe kuba 1800-2000mm. Ntabwo byemewe kuba birebire cyangwa bigufi.
2.2 Niba electrode ari ndende cyane, urashobora kongera igihe cyo kurekura umuvuduko ukagabanya igipimo cya electrode muriki cyiciro.
2.3 Reba neza ubwiza bwa paste ya electrode. Ibirimo ivu ntibishobora kurenga agaciro kagenwe.
2.4 Witondere neza ingano yumwuka uva kuri electrode hamwe nu bikoresho bya hoteri.
2.5 Nyuma yo kunanirwa kwamashanyarazi, electrode igomba guhorana ubushyuhe bushoboka. Electrode igomba gushyingurwa nibikoresho kugirango irinde electrode okiside. Umutwaro ntushobora kuzamurwa vuba nyuma yo kohereza amashanyarazi. Iyo imbaraga zo kunanirwa igihe ari kirekire, hindura kuri Y-ubwoko bwamashanyarazi ashyushya electrode.
2.6 Niba electrode ikomeye ivunitse inshuro nyinshi zikurikiranye, igomba kugenzurwa niba ubwiza bwa paste ya electrode bujuje ibisabwa.
2.7 Akabari ka electrode nyuma yo gushiraho paste igomba gutwikirwa umupfundikizo kugirango wirinde ivumbi.
2.8 Abakozi bakora ibikorwa byubushyuhe bwo hejuru bagomba kwambara ibikoresho birinda umuntu birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushyuhe.
mu gusoza
Umusaruro wa calcium karbide ukeneye kugira uburambe bukomeye bwo gukora. Buri itanura rya calcium karbide rifite ibiranga mugihe runaka. Uruganda rugomba kuvuga muri make uburambe bwingirakamaro mubikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro, gushimangira ishoramari mu musaruro utekanye, no gusesengura neza ingaruka zishobora guterwa no koroshya no gukomera kwa calcium karbide itanura ya electrode. Sisitemu yo gucunga umutekano wa electrode, uburyo burambuye bwo gukora, gushimangira amahugurwa yumwuga yabakora, kwambara ibikoresho birinda umutekano ukurikije ibisabwa, gutegura gahunda yihutirwa yimpanuka na gahunda zamahugurwa yihutirwa, no gukora imyitozo ihoraho kugirango igenzure neza impanuka z’itanura rya calcium karbide no kugabanya impanuka igihombo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-24-2019