1.Kodi mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndi chiyani
Hydrojeni, chinthu choyamba pa tebulo la periodic, ili ndi ma protoni otsika kwambiri, amodzi okha. Atomu ya haidrojeni ndiyonso yaing'ono komanso yopepuka kwambiri pa maatomu onse. Hydrogen imapezeka Padziko Lapansi makamaka mumpangidwe wake wophatikizana, wodziwika kwambiri ndi madzi, omwe ndi chinthu chogawidwa kwambiri m'chilengedwe chonse.
Hydrogen ili ndi mphamvu yoyaka kwambiri. Yerekezerani kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumaperekedwa powotcha mpweya wofanana wa gasi, petulo ndi haidrojeni:
Pamikhalidwe yomweyi,
Kuwotcha 1 gramu ya gasi, malinga ndi muyeso, pafupifupi 55.81 kilojoules kutentha;
Kuwotcha 1 gramu ya petulo kumatulutsa pafupifupi ma kilojoule 48.4 a kutentha;
Kuwotcha 1 gramu ya hydrogen kumapereka pafupifupi 142.9 kilojoules kutentha.
Kutentha kwa haidrojeni kumatulutsa kutentha kochuluka kuwirikiza 2.56 kuposa gasi wachilengedwe komanso kuwirikiza 2.95 kuposa mafuta a petulo. Sizovuta kuwona kuchokera pazidziwitso izi kuti haidrojeni ili ndi zofunikira zamafuta abwino - kuyaka kwakukulu!
Mphamvu ya haidrojeni makamaka imakhala ya mphamvu yachiwiri, chinsinsi chagona kuti malingaliro ake, ukadaulo ndi chuma chake zili ndi tanthauzo komanso phindu la chilengedwe, kuwongolera chilengedwe komanso kusintha kwanyengo. Mphamvu yachiwiri ndi yapakati pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi mphamvu, ndipo imatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: imodzi ndi "source performance source", ina ndi "mphamvu yokhala ndi mphamvu zathupi". Palibe kukayikira kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ndiyo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri "gwero la ntchito", pomwe mafuta, dizilo ndi palafini ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri "gwero lamphamvu lamphamvu".
Kuchokera pamalingaliro omveka, popeza "magwero ogwirira ntchito" ndi ovuta kusungidwa mwachindunji mochuluka, magalimoto amakono oyendetsa magalimoto oyenda mwamphamvu, monga magalimoto, zombo ndi ndege, sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi kuchokera ku magetsi. M'malo mwake, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa "mphamvu zokhala ndi mphamvu" monga mafuta, dizilo, mafuta oyendetsa ndege ndi gasi wachilengedwe.
Komabe, mwambo sungakhale wokhalitsa, ndipo mwambo sungakhale womveka. Ndi kukwera ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto amagetsi ndi magalimoto amagetsi osakanizidwa, "process performance source" ingathenso m'malo mwa "mphamvu zokhala ndi mphamvu". Malinga ndi malingaliro omveka, ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kosalekeza kwa mphamvu zakufa, zinthu zidzatha, ndipo "mphamvu zokhala ndi mphamvu" zatsopano zidzawonekera, zomwe mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndiyo yoimira wamkulu.
Hydrogen ndi yochuluka m'chilengedwe, yomwe imapanga pafupifupi 75 peresenti ya kulemera kwa chilengedwe. Zimapezeka kwambiri mumpweya, m'madzi, mumafuta amafuta ndi mitundu yonse yazakudya.
Hydrogen imakhala ndi kuyaka kwabwino, poyatsira kwambiri, malo oyaka otakata, komanso liwiro loyatsira mwachangu. Kuchokera pakuwona mtengo wa calorific ndi kuyaka, haidrojeni ndi mphamvu yapamwamba komanso yothandiza. Kuphatikiza apo, haidrojeni yokha siiwopsa. Kuphatikiza pakupanga madzi ndi nitride ya hydrogen pang'ono ikayaka, sichidzatulutsa zowononga zowononga zachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe, ndipo palibe mpweya woipa. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndi yamphamvu yoyera, yomwe ili yofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera chilengedwe komanso kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya woipa.
2. Udindo wa mphamvu ya haidrojeni
Mphamvu ya haidrojeni ili ndi tcheni chachikulu cha mafakitale chomwe chimaphimba kukonzekera kwa haidrojeni, kusungirako, mayendedwe ndi kuwonjezera mafuta, ma cell amafuta ndi ma terminal.
Popanga magetsi, mphamvu ya haidrojeni ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga magetsi oyera kuti azitha kulinganiza kufunikira kwa mphamvu ndikuthana ndi kuchepa kwa magetsi panthawi yanthawi yayitali.
Powotcha, mphamvu ya haidrojeni imatha kusakanizidwa ndi gasi, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamagetsi ochepa omwe amatha kupikisana ndi gasi m'tsogolomu.
M'gawo la ndege, lomwe limatulutsa matani oposa 900 miliyoni a carbon dioxide chaka chilichonse, mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndiyo njira yaikulu yopangira ndege zotsika kwambiri.
M'munda wankhondo, mafuta a haidrojeni angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'munda wankhondo ali ndi ubwino wokhala chete, amatha kutulutsa mosalekeza, kutembenuka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, ndikofunikira kwambiri pakubera kwapamadzi.
Magalimoto amagetsi a haidrojeni, magalimoto amagetsi a haidrojeni amakhala ndi kuyaka kwabwino, kuyatsa mwachangu, calorie yotsika kwambiri, zosungira zambiri ndi zabwino zina. Mphamvu ya haidrojeni ili ndi magwero osiyanasiyana ndi ntchito, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi.
Kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwachitukuko choyera ndi kupanga mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndizofunikira kwambiri pomanga "multi-energy complementary" mphamvu zamagetsi, ndi mphamvu yaikulu yoyendetsa mphamvu yosinthira ndi kukweza mphamvu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-19-2023