Ntchito yoyamba padziko lonse yosungiramo haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka yafika

Pa Meyi 8, RAG yaku Austria idakhazikitsa projekiti yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi yoyendetsa mobisa haidrojeni pamalo osungira gasi ku Rubensdorf. Ntchito yoyeserera idzasunga ma kiyubiki mita 1.2 miliyoni a hydrogen, ofanana ndi 4.2 GWh yamagetsi. Hydrojeni yosungidwayo idzapangidwa ndi cell cell ya 2 MW proton exchange membrane yoperekedwa ndi Cummins, yomwe poyamba idzagwira ntchito pamunsi kuti ipange haidrojeni yokwanira kusungidwa. Pambuyo pake polojekitiyi, seloyo idzagwira ntchito mosinthika kwambiri kuti isamutsire magetsi owonjezera ku gridi.

Monga gawo lofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha chuma cha haidrojeni, ntchito yoyendetsa ndegeyi idzawonetsa kuthekera kwa kusungirako mobisa kwa haidrojeni kusungirako mphamvu za nyengo ndikutsegula njira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zazikulu za haidrojeni. Ngakhale pali zovuta zambiri zomwe zikuyenera kuthana nazo, iyi ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri yopita ku dongosolo lamphamvu lokhazikika komanso lopanda mpweya.

Kusungirako kwa haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka, kutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe apansi pa nthaka posungirako mphamvu zambiri za haidrojeni. Kupanga magetsi kuchokera kumagwero amphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi kupanga haidrojeni, haidrojeni imabayidwa muzinthu zapansi panthaka monga mapanga amchere, malo osungiramo mafuta ndi gasi atha, madzi osungira madzi ndi mapanga olimba a miyala kuti akwaniritse kusungirako mphamvu ya haidrojeni. Pakafunika, haidrojeniyo imatha kuchotsedwa m'malo osungiramo haidrojeni pansi pa nthaka kuti apange gasi, kupanga magetsi kapena zinthu zina.

Mphamvu ya haidrojeni imatha kusungidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza gasi, madzi, kutulutsa pamwamba, hydride kapena madzi okhala ndi matupi a haidrojeni. Komabe, kuti azindikire kugwira ntchito bwino kwa gululi wothandizira mphamvu ndikukhazikitsa maukonde amphamvu a hydrogen, mobisa hydrogen yosungirako ndi njira yokhayo yotheka pakali pano. Mitundu yapamtunda yosungiramo haidrojeni, monga mapaipi kapena akasinja, imakhala ndi malo ocheperako ndikutulutsa kwamasiku ochepa. Kusungidwa kwa haidrojeni pansi panthaka kumafunika kuti pakhale kusungirako mphamvu pamlingo wa milungu kapena miyezi. Kusungirako pansi pa nthaka kwa haidrojeni kumatha kukwanilitsa mpaka miyezi ingapo ya zosowa zosungira mphamvu, kutha kutengedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito mwachindunji pakufunika, kapena kusinthidwa kukhala magetsi.

Komabe, kusungirako mobisa kwa haidrojeni kumakumana ndi zovuta zingapo:

Choyamba, chitukuko chaukadaulo chikuchedwa

Pakalipano, kafukufuku, chitukuko ndi ziwonetsero zomwe zimafunika kuti zisungidwe m'madera omwe atha gasi ndi m'madzi akuchedwa. Maphunziro ochulukirapo akufunika kuti awone zotsatira za gasi wotsalira m'minda yomwe yatha, momwe mabakiteriya amalowa m'madzi amadzi ndi malo omwe atha kutulutsa mpweya wa hydrogen, komanso zotsatira za kutsekeka kosungirako komwe kungakhudzidwe ndi hydrogen.

Chachiwiri, nthawi yomanga polojekitiyi ndi yaitali

Ntchito zosungiramo mpweya wapansi panthaka zimafunikira nthawi yomanga, zaka zisanu mpaka 10 m'mapanga amchere ndi malo osungiramo madzi omwe atha, komanso zaka 10 mpaka 12 zosungiramo madzi. Pama projekiti osungira ma hydrogen, pakhoza kukhala nthawi yokulirapo.

3. Zochepa ndi zochitika za geological

Malo am'deralo amatsimikizira kuthekera kwa malo osungira gasi pansi pa nthaka. M'madera omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa, haidrojeni ikhoza kusungidwa pamlingo waukulu ngati chonyamulira chamadzimadzi kudzera mu njira yosinthira mankhwala, koma mphamvu yosinthira mphamvu imachepetsedwanso.

Ngakhale mphamvu ya haidrojeni siinagwiritsidwe ntchito pamlingo waukulu chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake komanso kukwera mtengo kwake, ili ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha chitukuko m'tsogolomu chifukwa cha gawo lake lalikulu la decarbonization m'madera osiyanasiyana ofunikira.