Mu 1966, General Electric Company idapanga cell electrolytic yamadzi kutengera lingaliro la proton conduction, pogwiritsa ntchito nembanemba ya polima ngati electrolyte. Maselo a PEM adagulitsidwa ndi General Electric mu 1978. Pakalipano, kampaniyo imapanga maselo ochepa a PEM, makamaka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa hydrogen, moyo waufupi komanso mtengo wamtengo wapatali. Selo la PEM lili ndi mawonekedwe a bipolar, ndipo kulumikizana kwamagetsi pakati pa maselo kumapangidwa kudzera mu mbale za bipolar, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakutulutsa mpweya wopangidwa. Gulu la anode, cathode, ndi membrane limapanga membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Elekitirodi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali monga platinamu kapena iridium. Pa anode, madzi amapangidwa ndi okosijeni kuti apange mpweya, ma electron ndi ma protoni. Pa cathode, mpweya, ma elekitironi ndi ma protoni opangidwa ndi anode amazungulira mu nembanemba kupita ku cathode, komwe amachepetsedwa kuti apange mpweya wa haidrojeni. Mfundo ya PEM electrolyzer ikuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi.
Maselo a PEM electrolytic nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga hydrogen yaing'ono, yokhala ndi hydrogen yopanga pafupifupi 30Nm3/h ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu 174kW. Poyerekeza ndi maselo amchere, kuchuluka kwa haidrojeni kwa PEM cell pafupifupi kumakhudza malire onse. Selo la PEM limatha kugwira ntchito pa A apamwamba kachulukidwe panopa kuposa selo zamchere, ngakhale mpaka 1.6A/cm2, ndi electrolytic dzuwa ndi 48% -65%. Chifukwa filimu ya polima siimalimbana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kutentha kwa selo la electrolytic nthawi zambiri kumakhala pansi pa 80 ° C. Hoeller electrolyzer yapanga ukadaulo wokometsedwa pamwamba pa ma cell a ma electrolyzer ang'onoang'ono a PEM. Maselo amatha kupangidwa molingana ndi zofunikira, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali ndikuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa ntchito. Ubwino waukulu wa PEM electrolyzer ndikuti kupanga haidrojeni kumasintha pafupifupi synchronously ndi mphamvu zomwe zimaperekedwa, zomwe ndizoyenera kusintha kwa hydrogen. Maselo a Hoeller amayankha kusintha kwa 0-100% mumasekondi. Tekinoloje yapatent ya Hoeller ikuyesedwa kutsimikizira, ndipo malo oyeserawo amangidwa kumapeto kwa 2020.
Chiyero cha haidrojeni chopangidwa ndi maselo a PEM chikhoza kukhala chokwera kufika pa 99.99%, chomwe chiri choposa cha maselo amchere. Kuphatikiza apo, kutsika kwambiri kwa mpweya wa nembanemba ya polima kumachepetsa chiopsezo chopanga zosakaniza zoyaka moto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma electrolyzer azigwira ntchito motsika kwambiri. Ma conductivity a madzi operekedwa kwa electrolyzer ayenera kukhala osachepera 1S/cm. Chifukwa mayendedwe a proton kudutsa nembanemba ya polima amayankha mwachangu kusinthasintha kwamagetsi, ma cell a PEM amatha kugwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi. Ngakhale kuti selo la PEM lakhala likugulitsidwa, lili ndi zovuta zina, makamaka kukwera mtengo kwa ndalama komanso kukwera mtengo kwa membrane ndi maelekitirodi amtengo wapatali azitsulo. Kuonjezera apo, moyo wautumiki wa maselo a PEM ndi wamfupi kuposa wa maselo amchere. M’tsogolomu, mphamvu ya selo ya PEM yopangira haidrojeni iyenera kukonzedwanso kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-02-2023