Takulandirani kutsamba lathu kuti mudziwe zambiri zamalonda ndi kukambirana.
Webusaiti yathu:https://www.vet-china.com/
Physical and chemical activation njira
Physical and chemical activation njira imatanthawuza njira yokonzekera zida za porous pophatikiza njira ziwiri zomwe zili pamwambazi. Nthawi zambiri, kuyambitsa kwamankhwala kumachitika poyamba, ndiyeno kuyambitsanso thupi kumachitika. Poyamba zilowetseni mapadi mu 68% ~ 85% H3PO4 yankho pa 85 ℃ kwa 2h, kenako muyiike mu ng'anjo yamoto kwa 4h, ndikuyiyambitsa ndi CO2. Malo enieni a carbon activated omwe anapezeka anali okwera ngati 3700m2 · g-1. Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa sisal monga zopangira, ndipo adamulowetsa mpweya CHIKWANGWANI (ACF) analandira ndi kutsegula H3PO4 kamodzi, kutenthetsa mpaka 830 ℃ pansi pa chitetezo N2, ndiyeno ntchito nthunzi madzi ngati activator kwa kutsegula yachiwiri. Malo enieni a ACF omwe adapezedwa pambuyo pa 60min ya kuyambitsa adasinthidwa kwambiri.
Makhalidwe a pore kapangidwe kachitidwe ka activatedkaboni
Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa carbon performance characterization ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito zikuwonetsedwa mu Table 2. Makhalidwe a pore a zinthuzo akhoza kuyesedwa kuchokera ku mbali ziwiri: kusanthula deta ndi kusanthula zithunzi.
Kupita patsogolo kwa kafukufuku waukadaulo wa pore structure optimization wa activated carbon
Ngakhale activated carbon ili ndi pores olemera komanso malo akuluakulu enieni, imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino m'magawo ambiri. Komabe, chifukwa chakusankhira kwake kwazinthu zambiri komanso zovuta zokonzekera, zinthu zomwe zamalizidwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zoyipa za kapangidwe ka pore, malo osiyanasiyana, kugawa kakulidwe ka ma pore, komanso zinthu zochepa zama mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, pali zovuta monga muyezo waukulu komanso kusinthika kocheperako pakugwiritsa ntchito, zomwe sizingakwaniritse zofunikira za msika. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwongolera ndikuwongolera kapangidwe kake ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ake. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pakukhathamiritsa ndikuwongolera kapangidwe ka pore zimaphatikizira kuwongolera kwamankhwala, kuphatikizika kwa polima, komanso kuwongolera koyambitsa.
Technology Regulation Technology
Ukadaulo wamalamulo a Chemical umatanthawuza njira yoyambitsira yachiwiri (kusinthidwa) kwa zida zaporous zomwe zimapezedwa pambuyo poyambitsa ndi ma reagents amankhwala, kuwononga pores choyambirira, kukulitsa ma micropores, kapena kupititsa patsogolo ma micropores atsopano kuti awonjezere malo enieni komanso mawonekedwe a pore. Nthawi zambiri, chinthu chomalizidwa choyambitsa chimodzi nthawi zambiri chimamizidwa mu 0.5 ~ 4 nthawi za mankhwala kuti aziwongolera kapangidwe ka pore ndikuwonjezera malo enieni. Mitundu yonse ya asidi ndi njira za alkali zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma reagents oyambitsa yachiwiri.
Acid surface oxidation teknoloji yosintha
Kusintha kwa acid surface oxidation ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Pakutentha koyenera, ma acid oxidants amatha kulemeretsa pores mkati mwa kaboni, kukulitsa kukula kwake, ndikuchotsa pores otsekeka. Pakali pano, kafukufuku wapakhomo ndi akunja amayang'ana kwambiri pakusintha kwa ma inorganic acid. HN03 ndi okosijeni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, ndipo akatswiri ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito HN03 kuti asinthe kaboni. Tong Li et al. [28] adapeza kuti HN03 ikhoza kuonjezera zomwe zili ndi mpweya ndi nayitrogeni m'magulu ogwira ntchito pamtunda wa carbon activated ndi kusintha mphamvu ya adsorption ya mercury.
Kusintha adamulowetsa mpweya ndi HN03, pambuyo kusinthidwa, yeniyeni padziko dera adamulowetsa mpweya utachepa kuchokera 652m2 · g-1 kuti 241m2 · g-1, pafupifupi pore kukula chinawonjezeka kuchokera 1.27nm kuti 1.641nm, ndi mphamvu adsorption wa benzophenone mu mafuta oyeserera adakwera ndi 33.7%. Kusintha matabwa opangidwa ndi kaboni ndi 10% ndi 70% voliyumu ya HN03, motsatana. Zotsatira zimasonyeza kuti malo enieni a carbon adamulowetsa kusinthidwa ndi 10% HN03 kuchuluka kwa 925.45m2 · g-1 kuti 960.52m2 · g-1; pambuyo pa kusinthidwa ndi 70% HN03, malo enieniwo adatsika mpaka 935.89m2 · g-1. Miyezo yochotsa Cu2+ ndi mpweya wosinthidwa ndi magawo awiri a HN03 inali pamwamba pa 70% ndi 90%, motsatana.
Kwa carbon activated yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wa adsorption, mphamvu ya adsorption imadalira osati pamapangidwe a pore komanso pamtunda wa mankhwala a adsorbent. Kapangidwe ka pore kumatanthawuza malo enieni komanso kuchuluka kwa ma adsorption a carbon activated, pomwe mawonekedwe amadzimadzi amakhudza kuyanjana pakati pa activated carbon ndi adsorbate. Pomaliza anapeza kuti asidi kusinthidwa adamulowetsa mpweya sangathe kusintha pore dongosolo mkati adamulowetsa mpweya ndi kuchotsa otsekedwa pores, komanso kuonjezera zili magulu acidic pamwamba pa zinthu ndi kumapangitsanso polarity ndi hydrophilicity pamwamba. . Kuthekera kwa adsorption kwa EDTA ndi mpweya wosinthidwa ndi HCI kudakwera ndi 49.5% poyerekeza ndi kusinthidwa kusanachitike, komwe kunali bwinoko kuposa kusinthidwa kwa HNO3.
Kaboni wosinthidwa wamalonda wokhala ndi HNO3 ndi H2O2 motsatana! Madera enieni pambuyo pa kusinthidwa anali 91.3% ndi 80.8% mwa iwo asanasinthidwe, motsatira. Magulu atsopano ogwira ntchito okhala ndi okosijeni monga carboxyl, carbonyl ndi phenol adawonjezeredwa pamwamba. Mphamvu ya adsorption ya nitrobenzene ndi HNO3 kusinthidwa inali yabwino kwambiri, yomwe inali nthawi 3.3 kuposa isanayambe kusinthidwa.Zimapezeka kuti kuwonjezeka kwa magulu ogwirira ntchito okhala ndi okosijeni mu activated carbon pambuyo pa kusintha kwa asidi kunapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha pamwamba chiwonjezeke. mfundo zogwira, zomwe zidakhudza mwachindunji kuwongolera mphamvu ya adsorbate chandamale.
Poyerekeza ndi ma inorganic acid, pali malipoti ochepa okhudza kusintha kwa organic acid mu activated carbon. Fananizani zotsatira za kusinthidwa kwa organic acid pamapangidwe a pore a activated carbon ndi adsorption ya methanol. Pambuyo kusinthidwa, enieni pamwamba m`dera ndi okwana pore buku la adamulowetsa mpweya utachepa. Kuchuluka kwa acidity, kumachepetsanso. Pambuyo kusinthidwa ndi asidi oxalic, asidi tartaric ndi citric asidi, enieni pamwamba dera adamulowetsa mpweya utachepa kuchokera 898.59m2 · g-1 kuti 788.03m2 · g-1, 685.16m2 · g-1 ndi 622.98m2 · g-1 motero. Komabe, microporosity ya carbon activated inakula pambuyo pa kusinthidwa. The microporosity wa adamulowetsa mpweya kusinthidwa ndi citric acid kuchuluka kuchokera 75.9% mpaka 81.5%.
Kusinthidwa kwa oxalic acid ndi tartaric acid kumapindulitsa pakupanga methanol, pomwe citric acid imakhala yolepheretsa. Komabe, J.Paul Chen et al. [35] adapeza kuti mpweya wosinthidwa ndi citric acid ukhoza kupititsa patsogolo kutsekemera kwa ayoni amkuwa. Lin Tang et al. [36] kusinthidwa malonda adamulowetsa mpweya ndi asidi formic, asidi oxalic ndi asidi aminosulfonic. Pambuyo pa kusinthidwa, malo enieni a pamwamba ndi pore volume adachepetsedwa. Magulu ogwira ntchito okhala ndi okosijeni monga 0-HC-0, C-0 ndi S=0 adapangidwa pamwamba pa chinthu chomalizidwa, ndipo mayendedwe osagwirizana ndi makristalo oyera adawonekera. Kuthekera kwa adsorption ya acetone ndi isopropanol kunakulanso kwambiri.
Tekinoloje yosinthira alkaline solution
Akatswiri ena adagwiritsanso ntchito njira ya alkaline kuti ayambitsenso kuyambiranso kwa carbon activated. Thirani kaboni wopangidwa ndi malasha wopangidwa ndi malasha wokhala ndi yankho la Na0H lamagulu osiyanasiyana kuti muwongolere kapangidwe kake. Zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti kuchepa kwa alkali m'thupi kumathandizira kuti pore ichuluke komanso kukula. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zidakwaniritsidwa pomwe kuchuluka kwa anthu kunali 20%. The adamulowetsa mpweya anali apamwamba kwambiri pamwamba m'dera (681m2 · g-1) ndi pore voliyumu (0.5916cm3 · g-1). Pamene kuchuluka kwa Na0H kupitirira 20%, mawonekedwe a pore a carbon activated amawonongeka ndipo magawo a pore amayamba kuchepa. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa yankho la Na0H kudzawononga mafupa a kaboni ndipo ma pores ambiri adzagwa.
Kukonzekera kaboni wopangidwa ndi ma polima osakanikirana. Zoyambazo zinali furfural resin ndi furfuryl mowa, ndipo ethylene glycol anali pore-forming agent. Mapangidwe a pore amawongoleredwa ndikusintha zomwe zili mu ma polima atatu, ndipo chinthu chophatikizika chokhala ndi pore kukula pakati pa 0.008 ndi 5 μm chinapezedwa. Akatswiri ena atsimikizira kuti filimu ya polyurethane-imide (PUI) imatha kupangidwa ndi mpweya kuti ipeze filimu ya carbon, ndipo mawonekedwe a pore amatha kuwongoleredwa posintha mawonekedwe a polyurethane (PU) prepolymer [41]. PUI ikatenthedwa mpaka 200 ° C, PU ndi polyimide (PI) zidzapangidwa. Pamene kutentha kwa kutentha kumakwera kufika ku 400 ° C, PU pyrolysis imapanga mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe a pore pafilimu ya PI. Pambuyo pa carbonization, filimu ya carbon imapezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yophatikizira polima imathanso kusintha zinthu zina zakuthupi komanso zamakina pamlingo wina
Catalytic activation regulation teknoloji
Ukadaulo wa Catalytic activation regulation kwenikweni ndi njira yophatikizira yoyambitsa mankhwala ndi njira yotenthetsera kwambiri ya gasi. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala amawonjezedwa kuzinthu zopangira monga chothandizira, ndipo zopangirazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira njira ya carbonization kapena activation kuti ipeze zida za porous carbon. Nthawi zambiri, zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mphamvu, koma zotsatira zake zimasiyana.
M'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri palibe malire odziwikiratu pakati pa kuwongolera kwamphamvu kwamankhwala ndi kuwongolera koyambitsa kwa zinthu zaporous. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti njira zonsezi zimawonjezera ma reagents panthawi ya carbonization ndi kuyambitsa. Ntchito yeniyeni ya ma reagents awa imatsimikizira ngati njirayo ili m'gulu la othandizira othandizira.
Kapangidwe ka porous carbon chuma palokha, thupi ndi mankhwala katundu chothandizira, zinthu chothandizira anachita ndi chothandizira Kutsegula njira onse akhoza kukhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana chikoka pa lamulo zotsatira. Pogwiritsa ntchito malasha a bituminous ngati zopangira, Mn(N03)2 ndi Cu(N03)2 monga chothandizira amatha kukonza zinthu zaporous zomwe zimakhala ndi zitsulo zachitsulo. Kuchuluka koyenera kwa zitsulo zachitsulo kumatha kupititsa patsogolo porosity ndi pore voliyumu, koma zotsatira zazitsulo zosiyanasiyana ndizosiyana pang'ono. Cu(N03)2 ikhoza kulimbikitsa kukula kwa pores mumtundu wa 1.5 ~ 2.0nm. Kuphatikiza apo, ma oxides achitsulo ndi mchere wa inorganic omwe ali mu phulusa lazinthu zopangira amathandizanso kwambiri pakuyambitsa. Xie Qiang et al. [42] ankakhulupirira kuti kuthandizira koyambitsa zinthu monga calcium ndi chitsulo muzinthu zopanda kanthu kungalimbikitse kukula kwa pores. Pamene zomwe zili muzinthu ziwirizi ndizokwera kwambiri, chiwerengero cha pores chapakati ndi chachikulu mu mankhwalawa chimawonjezeka kwambiri.
Mapeto
Ngakhale activated carbon, monga ambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito wobiriwira porous carbon zakuthupi, wakhala mbali yofunika kwambiri mu makampani ndi moyo, akadali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kukulitsa yaiwisi kukulitsa, kuchepetsa mtengo, kuwongolera khalidwe, kusintha mphamvu, moyo kutambasuka ndi kusintha mphamvu. . Kupeza zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zotsika mtengo zopangira mpweya, kupanga ukadaulo wopangira mpweya wabwino komanso wogwira ntchito bwino, ndikuwongolera ndikuwongolera pore kapangidwe ka kaboni wopangidwa molingana ndi magawo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito kudzakhala njira yofunikira pakuwongolera zinthu zomwe zidapangidwa ndi mpweya komanso kulimbikitsa. chitukuko chapamwamba chamakampani opanga kaboni.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-27-2024