[Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamabatire a lithiamu m'tsogolomu kumatha kufika nthawi 1.5 mpaka 2 pakalipano, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mabatire azikhala ochepa. ]
[Kuchepetsa mtengo wa batri ya lithiamu-ion kumakhala pakati pa 10% ndi 30%. Ndizovuta kutsitsa mtengo. ]
Kuyambira mafoni mpaka magalimoto amagetsi, ukadaulo wa batri ukulowa pang'onopang'ono mbali iliyonse ya moyo. Ndiye, ndi njira iti yomwe batire yamtsogolo idzapangire ndipo ibweretsa kusintha kotani kwa anthu? Ndi mafunso awa m'maganizo, First Financial mtolankhani anafunsidwa mwezi watha Akira Yoshino, wasayansi Japanese amene anapambana Nobel Prize mu Chemistry kwa mabatire lithiamu-ion chaka chino.
Malingaliro a Yoshino, mabatire a lithiamu-ion adzalamulirabe makampani a batri m'zaka 10 zikubwerazi. Kukula kwa matekinoloje atsopano monga luntha lochita kupanga ndi intaneti ya Zinthu kudzabweretsa kusintha "kopanda kuganiza" ku chiyembekezo chakugwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lithiamu-ion.
Kusintha kosayerekezeka
Yoshino atazindikira mawu oti "zonyamula", adazindikira kuti anthu amafunikira batire yatsopano. Mu 1983, batire yoyamba ya lifiyamu padziko lapansi idabadwa ku Japan. Yoshino Akira opangidwa dziko woyamba kusonyeza wa rechargeable lithiamu-ion batire, ndipo adzapereka chopereka kwambiri pa chitukuko cha mabatire lithiamu-ion chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mafoni ndi magalimoto magetsi m'tsogolo.
Mwezi watha, Akira Yoshino adanena poyankhulana ndi No. 1 Financial Journalist kuti ataphunzira kuti adapambana Nobel Prize, "alibe malingaliro enieni." “Kufunsa mafunso athunthu pambuyo pake kunandipangitsa kukhala wotanganidwa kwambiri, ndipo sindikanatha kukhala wosangalala kwambiri.” Akira Yoshino anatero. "Koma pamene tsiku lolandira mphotho mu Disembala likuyandikira, zenizeni za mphothozo zakula."
Zaka 30 zapitazi, akatswiri 27 a ku Japan kapena ku Japan apambana Mphotho ya Nobel mu Chemistry, koma awiri okha a iwo, kuphatikizapo Akira Yoshino, adalandira mphoto monga ofufuza amakampani. "Ku Japan, ofufuza ochokera m'mabungwe ofufuza ndi mayunivesite nthawi zambiri amalandira mphotho, ndipo ofufuza ochepa amakampani omwe adalandira mphotho." Akira Yoshino anauza First Financial Journalist. Iye anatsindikanso ziyembekezo za makampani. Amakhulupirira kuti pali kafukufuku wambiri wa Nobel mkati mwa kampaniyo, koma makampani a ku Japan akuyenera kupititsa patsogolo utsogoleri ndi luso lake.
Yoshino Akira amakhulupirira kuti chitukuko cha matekinoloje atsopano monga luntha lochita kupanga ndi intaneti ya Zinthu zidzabweretsa kusintha "kopanda kuganiza" ku chiyembekezo chogwiritsira ntchito mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Mwachitsanzo, kupititsa patsogolo mapulogalamu kudzafulumizitsa ndondomeko ya mapangidwe a batri ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zatsopano, ndipo Zingakhudze kugwiritsa ntchito batri, kulola kuti batire igwiritsidwe ntchito pamalo abwino kwambiri.
Yoshino Akira akhudzidwanso kwambiri ndi zomwe achita kafukufuku wake pothana ndi vuto la kusintha kwanyengo padziko lonse lapansi. Adauza Mtolankhani Woyamba wa Zachuma kuti adapatsidwa zifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba ndikuthandizira kukulitsa gulu lanzeru la mafoni; yachiwiri ndiyo kupereka njira zofunika zotetezera chilengedwe chapadziko lonse. “Ntchito zoteteza chilengedwe zidzaonekera kwambiri m’tsogolomu. Nthawi yomweyo, uwu ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wamabizinesi. ” Akira Yoshino anauza mtolankhani wa zachuma.
Yoshino Akira anauza ophunzira pa nkhani pa yunivesite ya Meijo monga pulofesa kuti anapatsidwa ziyembekezo mkulu wa anthu ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi mabatire monga choletsa kutentha kwa dziko, iye adzapereka Information zake, kuphatikizapo maganizo pa nkhani zachilengedwe. ”
Amene adzalamulire makampani a batri
Kukula kwaukadaulo wa batri kunayambitsa kusintha kwamphamvu. Kuyambira mafoni anzeru mpaka magalimoto amagetsi, ukadaulo wa batri uli ponseponse, kusintha mbali iliyonse ya moyo wa anthu. Kaya batire yamtsogolo idzakhala yamphamvu komanso yotsika mtengo idzakhudza aliyense wa ife.
Pakalipano, makampaniwa akudzipereka kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo cha batri ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya batri. Kuwongolera kwa magwiridwe antchito a batri kumathandizanso kuthana ndi kusintha kwanyengo pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezera.
M'malingaliro a Yoshino, mabatire a lithiamu-ion adzalamulirabe makampani a batri m'zaka zikubwerazi za 10, koma kukula ndi kukwera kwa matekinoloje atsopano kudzapitirizabe kulimbikitsa kuwerengera ndi chiyembekezo cha makampani. Yoshino Akira anauza First Business News kuti mphamvu kachulukidwe lithiamu mabatire m'tsogolo akhoza kufika 1.5 nthawi 2 panopa, kutanthauza kuti batire adzakhala ang'onoang'ono. "Izi zimachepetsa zinthuzo ndipo motero zimachepetsa mtengo, koma sipadzakhala kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mtengo wa zinthuzo." Anati, "Kutsika kwa mtengo wa mabatire a lithiamu-ion kuli pakati pa 10% ndi 30%. Kufuna kuchepetsa mtengo ndikovuta kwambiri. ”
Kodi zida zamagetsi zizikhala mwachangu m'tsogolomu? Poyankha, Akira Yoshino adanena kuti foni yam'manja imakhala yodzaza ndi mphindi 5-10, zomwe zapezedwa mu labotale. Koma kulipira mwachangu kumafuna mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe ingakhudze moyo wa batri. Nthawi zambiri, anthu sangafunikire kulipira mwachangu.
Kuyambira mabatire oyambirira a asidi-acid, mpaka mabatire a nickel-metal hydride omwe ali zitsulo zazikulu zamakampani aku Japan monga Toyota, mpaka mabatire a lithiamu-ion omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Tesla Roaster mu 2008, mabatire amtundu wa lifiyamu-ion akhala akulamulira batire yamphamvu. msika kwa zaka khumi. M'tsogolomu, kutsutsana pakati pa kachulukidwe mphamvu ndi zofunika chitetezo ndi chikhalidwe lithiamu-ion batire luso adzakhala kuonekera kwambiri.
Poyankha zoyeserera komanso zopangira ma batri olimba kuchokera kumakampani akunja, Akira Yoshino adati: "Ndikuganiza kuti mabatire olimba a boma akuyimira tsogolo, ndipo pali malo ambiri oti asinthe. Ndikuyembekeza kuona kupita patsogolo kwatsopano posachedwa. "
Ananenanso kuti mabatire olimba ndi ofanana muukadaulo ndi mabatire a lithiamu-ion. "Kupyolera mu luso lamakono, kuthamanga kwa kusambira kwa lithiamu ion kumatha kufika pafupifupi 4 liwiro lamakono." Akira Yoshino adauza mtolankhani ku First Business News.
Mabatire olimba ndi mabatire a lithiamu-ion omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma electrolyte olimba. Chifukwa ma electrolyte olimba amalowa m'malo mwa ma electrolyte omwe amatha kuphulika m'mabatire amtundu wa lithiamu-ion, izi zimathetsa mavuto akulu awiri akuchulukira mphamvu kwamphamvu komanso chitetezo chambiri. Ma electrolyte olimba a boma amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mphamvu yomweyo Batire yomwe imalowa m'malo mwa electrolyte imakhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu, panthawi imodzimodziyo imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso nthawi yayitali yogwiritsira ntchito, yomwe ndi chitukuko cha mbadwo wotsatira wa mabatire a lithiamu.
Koma mabatire olimba amakumananso ndi zovuta monga kuchepetsa mtengo, kukonza chitetezo cha ma elekitirodi olimba, komanso kulumikizana pakati pa maelekitirodi ndi ma electrolyte pakulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa. Pakadali pano, makampani ambiri amagalimoto akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi akuika ndalama zambiri ku R & D kuti apeze mabatire olimba. Mwachitsanzo, Toyota ikupanga batire yolimba, koma mtengo wake sunawululidwe. Mabungwe ofufuza amaneneratu kuti pofika chaka cha 2030, kufunikira kwa mabatire olimba padziko lonse lapansi kukuyembekezeka kuyandikira 500 GWh.
Pulofesa Whitingham, yemwe adagawana nawo Mphotho ya Nobel ndi Akira Yoshino, adati mabatire olimba atha kukhala oyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi ang'onoang'ono monga mafoni anzeru. "Chifukwa pali mavuto aakulu pakugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe akuluakulu." Pulofesa Wittingham adatero.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-16-2019