Njira yopanga ma elekitirodi a graphite

Zopangira komanso kupanga ma graphite elekitirodi

Graphite elekitirodi ndi mkulu kutentha kugonjetsedwa graphite conductive zakuthupi opangidwa ndi mafuta knead, singano coke monga akaphatikiza ndi malasha phula monga binder, amene amapangidwa kudzera mndandanda wa njira monga kukanda, akamaumba, Kuwotcha, impregnation, graphitization ndi makina processing. zakuthupi.

The elekitirodi graphite ndi zofunika mkulu-kutentha conductive zakuthupi kwa magetsi steelmaking. The elekitirodi graphite ntchito athandizira mphamvu magetsi ku ng'anjo yamagetsi, ndi kutentha kwaiye kwa arc pakati pa elekitirodi mapeto ndi mlandu ntchito ngati gwero kutentha kusungunula mlandu kupanga zitsulo. Ng'anjo zina zachitsulo zomwe zimasungunula zinthu monga phosphorous yachikasu, silicon yamakampani, ndi zotayira zimagwiritsanso ntchito ma elekitirodi a graphite ngati zida zoyendetsera. Zabwino komanso zapadera zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala zama electrode a graphite amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ena ogulitsa.

Zida zopangira ma electrode a graphite ndi petroleum coke, singano coke ndi malasha phula phula.

Petroleum coke ndi chinthu cholimba choyaka moto chomwe chimapezedwa pokoka zotsalira za malasha ndi phula la petroleum. Mtundu ndi wakuda ndi porous, chinthu chachikulu ndi carbon, ndipo phulusa ndi otsika kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pansi 0.5%. Petroleum coke ndi m'gulu la carbon graphitized mosavuta. Mafuta a coke amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale amankhwala ndi zitsulo. Ndizinthu zazikulu zopangira zopangira ma graphite ndi zinthu za carbon za aluminiyamu ya electrolytic.

Mafuta a petroleum atha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: coke yaiwisi ndi coke calcined malinga ndi kutentha kwa kutentha. Mafuta akale a petroleum coke omwe amapezedwa mwa kuchedwa kuphika amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa ma volatiles, ndipo mphamvu zamakina ndizochepa. The calcined coke akamagwira calcination ya yaiwisi coke. Malo ambiri oyeretsera ku China amangotulutsa coke, ndipo ntchito zowerengera nthawi zambiri zimachitika muzomera za kaboni.

Petroleum coke imatha kugawidwa mu sulfure coke yapamwamba (yokhala ndi sulfure yopitilira 1.5%), coke ya sulfure yapakati (yokhala ndi 0.5% -1.5% sulfure), ndi coke ya sulfure yochepa (yokhala ndi sulfure yosakwana 0.5%). Kupanga ma elekitirodi a graphite ndi zinthu zina zopanga ma graphite nthawi zambiri amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito coke yotsika ya sulfure.

Needle coke ndi mtundu wa coke wapamwamba kwambiri wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a ulusi, kutsika kwambiri kwamafuta owonjezera komanso graphitization yosavuta. Coke ikathyoledwa, imatha kugawidwa m'mizere yowonda molingana ndi kapangidwe kake (chiwerengerocho nthawi zambiri chimakhala pamwamba pa 1.75). Dongosolo la anisotropic fibrous limatha kuwonedwa pansi pa maikulosikopu ya polarizing, motero amatchedwa coke singano.

The anisotropy of physico-mechanical properties of needle coke ndizodziwikiratu. Ili ndi mphamvu yabwino yamagetsi ndi matenthedwe yofanana ndi njira yayitali ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndipo coefficient ya kukula kwamafuta ndi yotsika. Pamene extrusion akamaumba, ndi yaitali olamulira ambiri particles anakonza mu malangizo extrusion. Chifukwa chake, singano coke ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga ma elekitirodi amphamvu kwambiri kapena ma graphite apamwamba kwambiri. Ma elekitirodi a graphite omwe amapangidwa amakhala ndi mphamvu yotsika, yocheperako yowonjezera kutentha komanso kukana kwamphamvu kwamafuta.

Needle coke imagawidwa kukhala coke ya singano yopangidwa ndi mafuta yopangidwa kuchokera ku zotsalira za petroleum ndi coke ya singano yopangidwa ndi malasha yopangidwa kuchokera ku zida zoyengedwa za malasha.

Phula la malasha ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga phula lamalasha. Ndi chisakanizo cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma hydrocarboni, yakuda pa kutentha kwakukulu, yolimba kapena yolimba pa kutentha kwakukulu, palibe malo osungunuka osungunuka, amafewetsa pambuyo pa kutentha, kenako amasungunuka, ndi kachulukidwe ka 1.25-1.35 g / cm3. Malinga ndi kufewetsa kwake, amagawidwa mu kutentha kochepa, kutentha kwapakati ndi kutentha kwa asphalt. Kutentha kwapakati pa phula ndi 54-56% ya phula la malasha. Kapangidwe ka phula la malasha ndizovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi phula la malasha komanso zomwe zili mu heteroatoms, komanso zimakhudzidwa ndi njira yophika ndi kukonza phula la malasha. Pali zizindikiro zambiri zowonetsera phula la phula, monga phula lofewa, toluene insolubles (TI), quinoline insolubles (QI), kufunikira kwa coking, ndi malasha rheology.

Phula la malasha limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomangira komanso chosagwira ntchito m'makampani a kaboni, ndipo magwiridwe ake amakhudza kwambiri kapangidwe kake komanso mtundu wa zinthu za carbon. Asphalt ya binder nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito phula lotentha kwambiri kapena lapakati-pakatikati lomwe lili ndi malo ochepetsera pang'ono, okwera mtengo, komanso utomoni wa β. The impregnating wothandizira ndi sing'anga kutentha phula ndi otsika kufewetsa mfundo, otsika QI, ndi zabwino rheological katundu.