China bụ obodo nwere oke ala, ọnọdụ ala na-emepụta mmanụ dị elu, akụrụngwa ịnweta mineral zuru oke na akụrụngwa bara ụba. Ọ bụ nnukwu ihe ịnweta ịnweta nwere akụ nke ya.
Site n'echiche nke mineralization, ngalaba metallogenic atọ dị n'ụwa abanyela na China, ya mere akụ ndị dị na ịnweta dị ukwuu, ihe ndị dị na ịnweta na-ezu oke. China achọpụtala ụdị mineral dị 171, nke 156 n'ime ya egosipụtara na nchekwa ya, yana uru ọ bara bụ nke atọ n'ụwa.
Dị ka ihe nchekwa ego egosipụtara, enwere ụdị mineral 45 na China. Ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị dị n'ime ala bara ụba nke ukwuu, dị ka ọla ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, sọlfọ, magnesite, boron, coal, wdg, niile bụ ọkwa dị n'ihu ụwa. N'ime ha, ụdị ise dị iche iche nke ịnweta bụ nke mbụ n'ụwa. Ka anyị leba anya n'ụdị mineral.
1. Tungsten ore
China bụ obodo nwere akụ tungsten kacha baa ọgaranya n'ụwa. Enwere nkwụnye ego ịnweta 252 gosipụtara na-ekesa na mpaghara 23 (mpaghara). N'ihe gbasara ógbè (mpaghara), Hunan (karịsịa scheelite) na Jiangxi (black-tungsten ore) bụ ndị kasị ukwuu, na-echekwa 33.8% na 20.7% nke mkpokọta mba n'otu n'otu; Henan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, wdg. Mpaghara (mpaghara) bụ nke abụọ.
Ebe ndị a na-egwupụta akụ tungsten na-agụnye Hunan Shizhuyuan Tungsten Mine, Jiangxi Xihua Mountain, Daji Mountain, Pangu Mountain, Guimei Mountain, Guangdong Lianhuashan Tungsten Mine, Fujian Luoluokeng Tungsten Mine, Gansu Ta'ergou Tungsten Mine, na Henan Sandaozhuang Aluminom na Tung So on. .
Dayu County, Jiangxi Province, China bụ "Tungsten Capital" ama ama n'ụwa. Enwere ihe karịrị ogbunigwe tungsten 400 gbara gburugburu. Mgbe Agha Opium gasịrị, ndị German chọtara tungsten ebe ahụ. N'oge ahụ, ọ bụ naanị yuan 500 ka ha zụtara ikike igwu ala na nzuzo. Mgbe achọpụtara ndị na-ahụ mba n'anya, ha biliri ichebe ogbunigwe na ogbunigwe. Mgbe ọtụtụ mkparịta ụka gasịrị, emechara m nwetaghachi ikike ngwupụta ihe na 1,000 yuan na 1908 wee nweta ego maka igwupụta akụ. Nke a bụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepe tungsten mbụ na Weinan.
Isi na ụdị nkwụnye ego Dangping tungsten, Dayu County, Jiangxi Province
Nke abụọ, antimony ore
锑 bụ ọla ọcha na-acha ntụ ntụ nwere nguzogide corrosion. Ọrụ bụ isi nke niobium na alloys bụ ịbawanye ike siri ike, nke a na-akpọkarị siri ike maka ọla ma ọ bụ alloys.
China bụ otu n'ime mba ụwa chọpụtara ma jiri ọgwụ antimony ore mee ihe na mbụ. N'akwụkwọ ochie ndị dị ka "Nri na nri Hanshu" na "Historical Records", e nwere ndekọ nke esemokwu. N'oge ahụ, a na-akpọghị ha 锑, kama a na-akpọ ha "Lianxi." Mgbe ntọala New China gasịrị, e mere nyocha na mmepe nke mpaghara Yankuang Mine buru ibu, wee mepụta ọkụ mgbawa nke sulphurized sulphide na-agbanwe agbanwe. China antimony ore idobere na mmepụta ọkwa mbụ n'ụwa, na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke mbupụ, mmepụta nke elu-ọcha metal bismuth (gụnyere 99.999%) na elu àgwà super-acha ọcha, na-anọchi anya elu ụwa mmepụta larịị.
China bụ obodo nwere nnukwu akụ plutonium n'ụwa, na-aza 52% nke mkpokọta ụwa. Enwere ogbunigwe Yankuang 171 ama ama, nke ekesara na Hunan, Guangxi, Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou na Gansu. Ngụkọta nchekwa nke mpaghara isii ahụ ruru 87.2% nke mkpokọta akụrụngwa achọpụtara. Ógbè nke nwere nnukwu akụ 锑 bụ Hunan. Obodo mmiri oyi dị na mpaghara ahụ bụ ogbunigwe antimony kasị ukwuu n'ụwa, na-akpata otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ihe a na-emepụta kwa afọ nke mba ahụ.
Akụrụngwa nke United States dabere na mbubata China ma baa uru karịa ala dị ụkọ. A na-akọ na 60% nke Yankuang nke a na-ebubata na United States sitere na China. Ka ọnọdụ China na mba ụwa na-arị elu, anyị ejirila nke nta nke nta nweta ikike ikwu okwu. N'afọ 2002, China tụrụ aro ịnakwere usoro oke maka mbupụ Yankuang, ma jidesie akụrụngwa n'aka ya ike. Na, ịzụlite nyocha na mmepe nke obodo ha.
Nke atọ, bentonite
Bentonite bụ akụ ịnweta ịnweta nke na-abụghị ọla, ọkachasị montmorillonite nwere usoro dị larịị. N'ihi na bentonite nwere usoro nke magburu onwe ya dị ka ọzịza, adsorption, nkwusioru, dispersibility, mgbanwe ion, nkwụsi ike, thixotropy, wdg, ọ nwere ihe karịrị 1000 ojiji, ya mere ọ nwere aha "ụrọ ụwa"; enwere ike ịhazi ya n'ime Adhesives, ndị na-akwụsịtụ, ndị na-ahụ maka thixotropic, catalysts, clarifiers, adsorbents, ndị na-ebu kemịkalụ, wdg. na-eji n'ọhịa dị iche iche ma mara dị ka "ihe ụwa niile".
Akụrụngwa bentonite nke China bara ụba nke ukwuu, nwere atụmatụ akụ na ụba nwere ihe karịrị ijeri tọn asaa. Ọ dị na ụdị bentonites dị iche iche nke calcium na sodium dabeere na bentonites, yana hydrogen dabeere, nke dabeere na aluminum, soda-calcium dabeere na bentonites na-enweghị nkewa. Ihe nchekwa sodium bentonite bụ nde tọn 586.334, na-aza 24% nke mkpokọta nchekwa; ihe nchekwa nke sodium bentonite bụ nde tọn 351.586; ụdị aluminom na hydrogen ndị ọzọ karịa calcium na sodium bentonite bụ ihe dịka 42%.
Nke anọ, titanium
N'ihe gbasara nchekwa, dị ka atụmatụ si kwuo, akụ na ụba ụwa zuru oke na-arị elu karịa ijeri ijeri abụọ, ebe nchekwa akụ na ụba na-erigbu bụ nde tọn 770. N'ime akụrụngwa titanium doro anya zuru ụwa ọnụ, ilmenite bụ 94%, ihe ndị ọzọ na-emebi emebi. China bụ obodo nwere oke nchekwa ilmenite, nke nwere nde tọn 220, na-aza 28.6% nke mkpokọta ụwa. Ọstrelia, India na South Africa bụ nke abụọ ruo anọ. N'ihe banyere mmepụta, ihe anọ kacha elu titanium ore zuru ụwa ọnụ na 2016 bụ South Africa, China, Australia na Mozambique.
Global titanium ore debere nkesa na 2016
A na-ekesa ọla titanium nke China n'ihe karịrị ógbè iri na mpaghara kwụụrụ onwe ya. The titanium ore bụ tumadi titanium ore, rutile ore na ilmenite ore na vanadium-titanium magnetite. A na-emepụta titanium na vanadium-titanium magnetite na mpaghara Panzhihua nke Sichuan. A na-emepụta ogbunigwe rutile na Hubei, Henan, Shanxi na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. A na-emepụta ore Ilmenite na Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi na mpaghara ndị ọzọ (mpaghara). Ihe nchekwa TiO2 nke ilmenite bụ nde tọn 357, ọkwa mbụ n'ụwa.
Ise, ọla ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe
China bụ obodo buru ibu nke nwere ihe nchekwa akụrụngwa ụwa dị ụkọ. Ọ bụghị naanị ọgaranya na idobere, kamakwa ọ nwere uru nke mineral zuru oke na ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe ụwa, ọkwa dị elu nke ala ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe na nkesa isi ihe ezi uche dị na ya, na-atọ ntọala siri ike maka mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ China na-adịghị ahụkebe.
Ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe nke China gụnyere: Baiyun Ebo m, Shandong Weishan rare earth mine, Suining rare earth mine, Jiangxi weathering shell leaching type mine earth mine, Hunan brown trout mine na ájá dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri n'ụsọ oké osimiri.
The Baiyun Obo obere ụwa ore bụ symbiotic nwere ígwè. Ihe ndị bụ isi mineral na-adịghị ahụkebe bụ fluorocarbon antimony ore na monazite. Oke ya bụ 3:1, nke eruola ọkwa mgbake ụwa dị ụkọ. Ya mere, a na-akpọ ya ngwakọta ore. Ngụkọta ụwa REO dị ụkọ bụ nde tọn 35, na-aza ihe dị ka nde tọn 35. Pasent 38 nke ihe nchekwa ụwa bụ ogbunigwe kacha dị ụkọ n'ụwa.
Ihe mejupụtara ụwa nke Weishan na-adịghị ahụkebe na Suining obere ụwa bụ nke sitere na bastnasite ore, yana barite, wdg, ma dịkwa mfe ịhọrọ oke ala dị ụkọ.
Jiangxi weathering crust leaching obere ụwa ore bụ ụdị ọhụrụ ịnweta ala na-adịghị ahụkebe. Nzecha ya na ịgbaze ya dịtụ mfe, ọ nwekwara ala dị ala na nke dị arọ. Ọ bụ ụdị ọla ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere asọmpi ahịa.
Aja dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri China dịkwa ọgaranya nke ukwuu. A na-akpọ ụsọ oké osimiri nke Oké Osimiri South China na ụsọ oké osimiri nke Hainan Island na Taiwan Island, ụsọ oké osimiri ọla edo nke nkwụnye ájá dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Enwere ebe nchekwa ájá nke sedimentary ọgbara ọhụrụ na ogbunigwe ochie, nke a na-emeso monazite na xenotime. A na-enweta ájá dị n'akụkụ oké osimiri dị ka ngwaahịa sitere na mgbe ọ gbakere ilmenite na zircon.
Ọ bụ ezie na akụ ndị dị na China bara ụba nke ukwuu, mana ndị mmadụ bụ 58% nke ihe mmadụ nwere n'ụwa niile, na ọkwa nke 53 n'ụwa. Na njirimara onyinye akụrụngwa nke China adịghị mma ma sie ike nke m, siri ike ịhọrọ, siri ike nke m. Ọtụtụ n'ime nkwụnye ego ndị nwere ego nke bauxite na nnukwu mineral ndị ọzọ bụ ndị dara ogbenye. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-erigbu ihe ndị dị elu dị ka tungsten ore, na ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-eji mbupụ, na-akpata ọnụ ala dị ala nke ngwaahịa ịnweta na ihe onwunwe. Ọ dị mkpa ịbawanye mbọ mmezi, chebe akụrụngwa, hụ na mmepe, na guzobe olu zuru ụwa ọnụ na akụrụngwa ịnweta akụrụngwa. Isi mmalite: Ngwuputa Ngwuputa
Oge nzipu: Nov-11-2019