1.Gịnị bụ hydrogen energy
Hydrogen, nke bụ ihe mbụ dị na tebụl oge, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ protons kacha ala, naanị otu. Atọm hydrogen bụkwa nke kacha nta na nke dị mfe n'ime atọm niile. Hydrogen na-apụta n'ụwa tumadi n'ụdị ya jikọtara ọnụ, nke kacha pụta ìhè bụ mmiri, nke bụ ihe kacha ekesa na mbara igwe.
Hydrogen nwere uru nsure ọkụ dị oke elu. Tụlee ọnụ ọgụgụ okpomọkụ a na-enye site n'ịkụ otu oke gas, mmanụ ụgbọala na hydrogen:
N'okpuru otu ọnọdụ,
Na-ere ọkụ gram 1 nke gas, dị ka nha, ihe dị ka 55.81 kilojoules nke okpomọkụ;
Ịkụ 1 gram mmanụ ụgbọala na-enye ihe dị ka kilojoules 48.4 nke okpomọkụ;
Ịkụ 1 gram hydrogen na-enye ihe dị ka kilojoules 142.9 nke okpomọkụ.
Hydrogen na-ere ọkụ na-enye ọkụ ọkụ okpukpu 2.56 karịa gas na-ekpo ọkụ na okpukpu 2.95 karịa mmanụ ụgbọala. Ọ naghị esiri ike ịhụ site na data ndị a na hydrogen nwere ihe ndị bụ isi nke mmanụ ọkụ dị mma - uru combustion dị elu!
Ike hydrogen na-abụkarị nke ike nke abụọ, isi ihe dabere na mgbagha ya, teknụzụ na akụ na ụba ya nwere uru na uru nke nguzozi gburugburu ebe obibi, ọchịchị gburugburu ebe obibi na mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ike nke abụọ bụ nke dị n'etiti njikọ dị n'etiti ike mbụ na ndị ọrụ ume, enwere ike kewaa ya ụzọ abụọ: otu bụ "isi iyi arụmọrụ", nke ọzọ bụ "ike nwere ike anụ ahụ". Obi abụọ adịghị ya na ike eletrik bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe "isi iyi arụmọrụ", ebe mmanụ ụgbọala, diesel na kerosene bụ ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe "ike ike".
Site n'echiche ezi uche dị na ya, ebe ọ bụ na "isi mmalite arụmọrụ usoro" siri ike ịchekwa ya ozugbo n'ọtụtụ buru ibu, ụgbọ ala ụgbọ njem ọgbara ọhụrụ nwere mmegharị siri ike, dịka ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ mmiri na ụgbọ elu, enweghị ike iji nnukwu ọkụ eletrik sitere na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ. Kama, ha nwere ike iji naanị nnukwu ego nke "ike nwere ume" dị ka mmanụ ụgbọala, mmanụ dizel, mmanụ ọkụ ụgbọ elu na gas sitere n'okike.
Agbanyeghị, ọdịnala nwere ike ọ gaghị adịte aka mgbe niile, ọdịnala nwere ike ọ gaghị abụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya mgbe niile. Site na ịrị elu na mmepe nke ụgbọ ala eletrik na ụgbọ ala eletrik ngwakọ, "isi iyi arụmọrụ" nwekwara ike dochie "ike nwere ume". Dị ka echiche ezi uche dị na ya si dị, site n'iji ike anụ ọkụ na-aga n'ihu, ihe onwunwe ga-emesị gwụ ike, na "ike nwere ume" ọhụrụ ga-apụtarịrị, n'etiti nke ike hydrogen bụ onye nnọchiteanya bụ isi.
Hydrogen dị ukwuu n'okike, na-eme atụmatụ na pasent 75 nke oke mbara igwe. Ọ dị ebe niile na ikuku, mmiri, mmanụ ọkụ na ụdị carbohydrates niile.
Hydrogen nwere ezigbo ọkụ ọkụ, ebe mgbanye ọkụ dị elu, nnukwu ọkụ ọkụ, yana ọsọ ọkụ ọkụ. Site n'echiche nke uru calorific na combustion, hydrogen bụ n'ezie ike dị elu ma dị irè. Na mgbakwunye, hydrogen n'onwe ya adịghị egbu egbu. Na mgbakwunye na ịmepụta mmiri na obere hydrogen nitride mgbe a gbachara ọkụ, ọ gaghị emepụta ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ na gburugburu ebe obibi na gburugburu ebe obibi, ọ dịghịkwa ikuku carbon dioxide. Ya mere, ike hydrogen bụ ike dị ọcha, nke dị oke mkpa maka nchịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi na ibelata ikuku carbon dioxide.
2. Ọrụ nke ike hydrogen
Ike hydrogen nwere nnukwu agbụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ekpuchi nkwadebe hydrogen, nchekwa, ụgbọ njem na mmanụ, mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ na ngwa ọnụ.
N'ime mmepụta ike, enwere ike iji ike hydrogen maka ọgbọ ike dị ọcha iji dozie ọchịchọ ike ma dozie ụkọ ọkụ n'oge awa kacha elu.
Na ikpo ọkụ, ike hydrogen nwere ike ịgwakọta ya na gas eke, nke bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị na-esi na ike carbon dị ntakịrị nwere ike ịsọ mpi gas n'ọdịnihu.
Na ngalaba nke ụgbọ elu, nke na-ebupụ ihe karịrị nde tọn carbon dioxide kwa afọ, ike hydrogen bụ ụzọ isi mepụta ụgbọ elu carbon dị ala.
N'ebe ndị agha, mmanụ mmanụ hydrogen nwere ike iji mee ihe n'ubi ndị agha nwere uru nke dị jụụ, nwere ike ịmepụta ihe na-aga n'ihu ugbu a, ntụgharị ike dị elu, bụ ọnọdụ dị mkpa nke stealth okpuru mmiri.
Ụgbọ ala ume hydrogen, ụgbọ ala hydrogen nwere ezigbo ọkụ ọkụ, ọkụ ọkụ ngwa ngwa, uru calorific dị elu, nnukwu nchekwa na uru ndị ọzọ. Ike hydrogen nwere ụdị isi mmalite na ngwa dị iche iche, nke nwere ike ibelata oke ike fosil nke ọma.
Ịkwalite ọkwa mmepe dị ọcha na ịmepụta ike hydrogen bụ ihe dị mkpa na-ebu maka iwulite usoro inye ume ike nke "ọtụtụ ike na-akwado", na isi ihe na-akpali akpali maka mgbanwe na nkwalite ume.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-19-2023