Kedu otu esi eji carbon electrodes, graphite electrodes na electrodes na-esi nri nke ọma na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ arc nke miri emi?

Ụdị, arụmọrụ na ojiji nke electrode

Ụdị electrode

Enwere ike kewaa electrodes carbon ka ọ bụrụ carbon electrodes, graphite electrodes na electrodes na-eme onwe ha dịka ojiji ha si dị na usoro mmepụta ha.

Emere carbon electrode nke obere ash anthracite, metallurgical coke, pitch coke na petroleum coke. Ọ na-agụnye ụfọdụ nha na urughuru nha. Mgbe ị na-agbakwụnye, a na-agwakọta asphalt na tar, a na-emegharị ngwakọta ahụ nke ọma na okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị. Akpụ, na n'ikpeazụ nwayọọ nwayọọ calcining na a roaster. Enwere ike kewaa n'ime electrodes graphite eke, electrodes graphite artificial, carbon electrodes na carbon electrodes pụrụ iche.

A na-eji petroleum coke na pitch coke dị ka akụrụngwa, wee tinye ya na ọkụ ọkụ eletrik graphitized nke nwere okpomọkụ nke 2273 ~ 2773K, ma mee ka ọ bụrụ electrode graphite site na graphitization. A na-ekekwa graphite electrode n'ime ụdị ndị a.

Igwe ọkụ graphite nkịtị na-enye ohere iji elektrọd graphite nwere njupụta ugbu a na-erughị 17 A/cm2, a na-ejikwa ya maka ọkụ eletrik nkịtị dị ka ịme ígwè, nchacha silicon, na phosphorus na-acha odo odo.

Elu nke mgbochi oxidation mkpuchi graphite electrode na-ekpuchi ya na oyi akwa nchebe (graphite electrode antioxidant) nke na-eduzi ma na-eguzogide ọgwụ oxidation dị elu, nke na-ebelata oriri electrode n'oge ígwè ígwè (19% ~ 50%) ma mee ka ndụ ọrụ dịkwuo ogologo. nke electrode (22% ~ 60%), na-ebelata oriri ike nke electrode.

Igwe graphite dị elu na-enye ohere iji electrodes graphite nwere njupụta ugbu a nke 18 ruo 25 A / cm2, nke a na-ejikarị na ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ eletrik dị elu maka imepụta ígwè.

Igwe ọkụ graphite dị elu na-enye ohere iji electrodes graphite nwere njupụta ugbu a karịa 25 A/cm2. A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọkụ ọkụ eletrik na-eme nnukwu ike dị elu.

Eletrọd na-eme onwe ya (selfbakingelectrode) na-eji anthracite, coke, na bitumen na tar dị ka akụrụngwa, na-eme ka mado electrode n'otu ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, wee na-ebunye electrode mado n'ime akpa electrode nke etinyere na ọkụ eletrik (dị ka egosiri na ya). na FIG. onwe-sintered na coked. Enwere ike iji electrode dị otú ahụ na-aga n'ihu, enwere ike ịmepụta ya site na ijikọta ọnụ akụkụ ogologo ma nwee ike ịgbanye n'ime nnukwu dayameta. A na-eji electrode na-eme onwe ya eme ihe maka mmepụta ferroalloy n'ihi usoro ya dị mfe na ọnụ ala dị ala.

Onyonyo 1 Eserese atụmatụ nke shei electrode

1-electrode shei; Iberibe ọgịrịga 2; 3-triangle ire

Isi oru arụmọrụ nke electrode

Ihe electrode kwesịrị inwe ihe ndị a physicochemical Njirimara:

The conductivity ka mma, ndị resistivity dị obere, iji belata ọnwụ nke eletriki ike, belata voltaji dobe nke obere net, na-amụba irè voltaji na-amụba ike nke a wụrụ awụ ọdọ mmiri;

Ebe mgbaze dị elu;

Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mgbasawanye nke okpomọkụ dị ntakịrị, mgbe okpomọkụ na-agbanwe ngwa ngwa, ọ dịghị mfe ịmegharị ya, na nrụgide dị n'ime ahụ nke mgbanwe okpomọkụ na-akpata enweghị ike ịmepụta mgbawa dị mma iji mee ka nkwụsị ahụ dịkwuo elu;

Nwee ike igwe zuru oke na oke okpomọkụ;

Ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha dị ala na adịghị ọcha adịghị emerụ ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ.

E gosipụtara njirimara teknụzụ kachasị nke carbon electrode, graphite electrode na electrode nke na-eme onwe ya na tebụl 1 na eserese 2 na 3.

Isiokwu 1 Electrode oru arụmọrụ

Fig. 2 Mgbanwe nke resistivity nke carbon electrode na graphite electrode na okpomọkụ

Ọgụgụ 3 Thermal conductivity nke carbon na graphite electrodes dị ka ọrụ nke okpomọkụ

Nhọrọ nke electrodes na ụlọ ọrụ ferroalloy

A na-eji electrodes na-esi nri nke onwe ya na-eji ígwè alloy, refining ferrosilicon, silicon chromium alloy, manganese silicon alloy, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferrochrome, ọkara na obere carbon ferromanganese, ọkara na obere carbon ferrochrome, silicon calcium alloy, tungsten iron Chere. . Eletrọd na-esi nri nke onwe na-eme ka mmepụta nke alloys dịkwuo elu, eriri ígwè na-abanye n'ime carbon, ma na-emepụta alloys ígwè na ọla dị ọcha nwere obere carbon ọdịnaya. Ọ bụrụ na carbon ferrochrome, silicon ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na manganese metal, carbon ma ọ bụ graphite electrodes kwesịrị iji.

电极的种类、性能及其用途

电极种类

碳质电极按其用途及制作工艺不同可分为碳素电极、石墨电极和自焙电恥。

碳素电极(carbonelectrode)是以低灰分的无烟煤、冶金焦、沥青焦和石油焦为原料，按一定的比例和粒度组成.混合时加入黏结割成青和焦油，在适当的温度下搅拌均匀后压制成形，最后在焙烧炉中缓慢焙烧制得。可分为天然石墨电极、人造石墨电极、碳电极以及特种碳素电极四绱。

石墨电极(graphiteelectrode)以石油焦和沥青焦为原料制成碳素电极，再放到温度为2273〜2773K的石墨化电阻炉中，经石墨化而制成石墨电极“石墨电极又分为。

普通功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度低于17A/cm2石墨电极，主要用于炼钢、炼硅、炼黄磷等的普通功率电炉。

抗氧化涂层石墨电极表面涂覆既能导电又耐高温氧化的保护层(石墨电极抗氧化剂)，降低炼钢时的电极消耗(19%〜50%),延长电极的使用寿命(22%〜60%),降低电极的电能消耗。

高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度为18〜25A/cm2

超高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度大于25A/ cm2

自焙电极(self-bakingelectrode)用无烟煤、焦炭以及沥青和焦油为原料，在一定温度下制成电极糊，然后把电极糊装入已安装在电炉上的电极壳中(如图1所示)，在电炉生产过程中依靠电流通过时所产生的焦耳热和炉内传导热，自行烧结焦化。这种电极可连续使用，边使用边接长边给给成形，且可焙烧成大直径的。自焙电极不仅工艺简单，成本也低，因此被广泛用于铁合金生产。