Nyocha akụrụngwa ntinye ihe nkiri dị mkpa - ụkpụrụ na ngwa nke ngwa PECVD / LPCVD / ALD

Ntụnye ihe nkiri dị gịrịgịrị bụ ịkwanye akwa mkpuchi ihe nkiri na isi ihe nke semiconductor. Enwere ike iji ihe dị iche iche mee ihe nkiri a, dị ka ihe mkpuchi silicon dioxide, polysilicon semiconductor, ọla kọpa metal, wdg. A na-akpọ ngwá ọrụ eji eme ihe mkpuchi ihe nkiri dị mkpa.

Site n'echiche nke usoro mmepụta ihe mgbawa nke semiconductor, ọ dị na usoro njedebe n'ihu.

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Enwere ike kewaa usoro nkwadebe ihe nkiri ahụ dị gịrịgịrị ụzọ abụọ dị ka usoro mmepụta ihe nkiri ya si dị: mkpuchi ikuku anụ ahụ (PVD) na ntinye mmiri kemịkalụ.(CVD), n'ime nke CVD usoro akụrụngwa na-aza maka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu.

Ntụnye ikuku nke anụ ahụ (PVD) na-ezo aka na vaporization nke elu nke isi iyi ihe na ntinye n'elu ala site na gas / plasma dị ala, gụnyere evaporation, sputtering, ion beam, wdg;

Ntube mmiri kemịkalụ (CVD) na-ezo aka na usoro ntinye ihe nkiri siri ike n'elu nke silicon wafer site na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ nke ngwakọta gas. Dị ka ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume (nrụgide, precursor), kewara ya na nrụgide ikukuCVD(APCVD), obere nrụgideCVD(LPCVD), plasma enwekwa CVD (PECVD), nnukwu njupụta plasma CVD (HDPCVD) na atomic oyi akwa ntinye (ALD).

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LPCVD: LPCVD nwere ikike mkpuchi steepụ ka mma, nhazi dị mma na njikwa nhazi, ọnụego nnabata dị elu na mmepụta, ma na-ebelata isi iyi mmetọ ahụ. Ịdabere na akụrụngwa kpo oku dị ka isi iyi ọkụ iji nọgide na-emeghachi omume, njikwa okpomọkụ na nrụgide gas dị ezigbo mkpa. A na-eji ya eme ihe na Poly Layer n'ichepụta mkpụrụ ndụ TopCon.

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PECVD: PECVD na-adabere na plasma na-emepụta site na ntinye ugboro redio iji nweta obere okpomọkụ (ihe na-erughị 450 degrees) nke usoro ntinye ihe nkiri dị mkpa. Ndobe okpomọkụ dị ala bụ isi uru ya, si otú ahụ na-azọpụta ike, na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa, na-abawanye ikike mmepụta ihe, na ibelata mbibi ndụ nke ndị na-ebu obere obere na wafer silicon nke okpomọkụ dị elu kpatara. Enwere ike itinye ya na usoro nke mkpụrụ ndụ dị iche iche dịka PERC, TOPCON, na HJT.

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ALD: Ezi film uniformity, ok na-enweghị oghere, ezi nzọụkwụ mkpuchi e ji mara, nwere ike rụrụ na ala okpomọkụ (ime ụlọ okpomọkụ-400 ℃), nwere ike nanị na n'ụzọ ziri ezi ịchịkwa film ọkpụrụkpụ, bụ n'ọtụtụ ebe ọdabara na substrates nke dị iche iche shapes, na ọ dịghị mkpa ịchịkwa uniformity nke reactant eruba. Ma mwepu bụ na ihe nkiri guzobe ọsọ ngwa ngwa. Dị ka zinc sulfide (ZnS) na-enye ìhè oyi akwa na-emepụta nanostructured insulators (Al2O3 / TiO2) na mkpa-film electroluminescent ngosi (TFEL).

Atọmịkị oyi akwa (ALD) bụ usoro mkpuchi agụụ na-emepụta ihe nkiri dị mkpa n'elu akwa oyi akwa site na oyi akwa n'ụdị otu oyi akwa atomic. N'ihe dị ka 1974, ọkà mmụta physicist Finnish Tuomo Suntola mepụtara nkà na ụzụ a wee nweta 1 nde euro Millennium Technology Award. A na-eji teknụzụ ALD na mbụ maka ngosipụta eletrọnịkị ewepụghị, mana ejighị ya n'ọtụtụ ebe. Ọ bụghị ruo mmalite nke narị afọ nke 21 ka ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor malitere ịnakwere nkà na ụzụ ALD. Site n'ichepụta ultra-thin high-dielectric ihe iji dochie silicon oxide ọdịnala, ọ na-edozi nsogbu nke mgbaze ugbu a kpatara site na mbenata obosara ahịrị nke transistor mmetụta, na-akpali Iwu Moore ka ọ pụtakwuo n'ihu n'ihu obere obosara ahịrị. Dr. Tuomo Suntola kwuru otu oge na ALD nwere ike ịbawanye njupụta nke akụrụngwa.

Ihe omuma nke ọha na-egosi na Dr. Tuomo Suntola nke PICOSUN na Finland chepụtara nkà na ụzụ ALD na 1974 ma mebere ya na mba ọzọ, dị ka ihe nkiri dielectric dị elu na mgbawa 45/32 nanometer nke Intel mepụtara. Na China, obodo m webatara teknụzụ ALD karịa afọ 30 ka e mesịrị karịa mba ndị ọzọ. N'October 2010, PICOSUN dị na Finland na Mahadum Fudan kwadoro nzukọ mgbanwe agụmakwụkwọ ALD mbụ nke ụlọ, na-ewebata teknụzụ ALD na China maka oge mbụ.
Tụnyere ya na mgbakwasa uzuoku mmiri ọgwụ ọdịnala (CVD) na anụ ahụ vepor deposition (PVD), uru nke ALD bụ magburu onwe atọ akụkụ conformality, nnukwu-mpaghara film edo edo, na kpọmkwem ọkpụrụkpụ akara, nke kwesịrị ekwesị maka na-eto eto ultra-thin film na mgbagwoju elu shapes na elu akụkụ ruru Ọdịdị.

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Isi mmalite data: Micro-nano nhazi usoro nke Mahadum Tsinghua-
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N'ime oge Moore gachara, mgbagwoju anya na olu nhazi nke nrụpụta wafer ka emelitere nke ukwuu. Na-ewere mgbanaka mgbagha dị ka ihe atụ, yana mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ahịrị mmepụta na usoro dị n'okpuru 45nm, ọkachasị ahịrị mmepụta nwere usoro nke 28nm na n'okpuru, ihe achọrọ maka mkpuchi mkpuchi na njikwa ziri ezi dị elu. Mgbe iwebata teknụzụ ikpughe ọtụtụ, ọnụọgụ usoro usoro ALD na akụrụngwa achọrọ abawanyela nke ukwuu; na mpaghara ebe nchekwa ibe, usoro mmepụta ihe bụ isi sitere na 2D NAND gaa na usoro 3D NAND, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ime ụlọ anọgidewo na-abawanye, na ihe ndị ahụ ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ gosipụta njupụta dị elu, akụkụ akụkụ dị elu, yana ọrụ dị mkpa. nke ALD amalitela ịpụta. Site n'echiche nke mmepe nke semiconductors n'ọdịnihu, nkà na ụzụ ALD ga-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na-arịwanye elu na oge post-Moore.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ALD bụ naanị teknụzụ nkwụnye ego nwere ike izute mkpuchi na ihe nkiri chọrọ nke ihe arụrụ arụ 3D dị mgbagwoju anya (dị ka 3D-NAND). Enwere ike ịhụ nke a nke ọma na foto dị n'okpuru. Ihe nkiri a na-etinye na CVD A (acha anụnụ anụnụ) anaghị ekpuchi akụkụ ala nke usoro ahụ kpamkpam; ọ bụrụgodị na a na-eme mgbanwe ụfọdụ na CVD (CVD B) iji nweta mkpuchi, arụmọrụ ihe nkiri na ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ nke mpaghara ala dị nnọọ njọ (akụkụ ọcha na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ); N'ụzọ dị iche, iji teknụzụ ALD na-egosi mkpuchi ihe nkiri zuru oke, a na-enwetakwa ihe nkiri ihe nkiri dị elu na nke edo na mpaghara niile nke usoro ahụ.

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—-Ahụhụ foto nke teknụzụ ALD tụnyere CVD (Isi Iyi: ASM)—-

Ọ bụ ezie na CVD ka na-etinye oke ahịa n'ime obere oge, ALD abụrụla otu n'ime akụkụ na-eto ngwa ngwa nke ahịa akụrụngwa wafer. N'ahịa ALD a nwere nnukwu uto na ọrụ dị mkpa na nrụpụta mgbawa, ASM bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-eduga n'ọhịa nke akụrụngwa ALD.

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Oge nzipu: Jun-12-2024
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