Vim li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Si thiab NaOH sai dua SiO2?

Vim li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi ntawmsiliconthiab sodium hydroxide tuaj yeem dhau ntawm silicon dioxide tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov hauv qab no:

Qhov sib txawv ntawm chemical bond zog

▪ Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicon thiab sodium hydroxide: Thaum silicon reacts nrog sodium hydroxide, Si-Si daim ntawv cog lus zog ntawm silicon atoms tsuas yog 176kJ / mol. Si-Si daim ntawv cog lus tawg thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yog qhov yooj yim dua tawg. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kinetic, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog yooj yim dua mus.

▪ Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicon dioxide thiab sodium hydroxide: Si-O daim ntawv cog lus lub zog ntawm silicon atoms thiab oxygen atoms hauv silicon dioxide yog 460kJ / mol, uas yog siab heev. Nws siv zog ntau dua los rhuav tshem Si-O daim ntawv cog lus thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, yog li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj nyuaj rau tshwm sim thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi qeeb.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib txawv

▪ Silicon reacts nrog sodium hydroxide: Silicon reacts nrog sodium hydroxide ua ntej los ntawm reacting nrog dej los tsim hydrogen thiab silicic acid, ces silicic acid reacts nrog sodium hydroxide los tsim sodium silicate thiab dej. Thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicon thiab dej tso tawm cua sov, uas tuaj yeem txhawb kev txav molecular, yog li tsim kom muaj qhov chaw zoo dua qub rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrawm dua.

▪ Silicon dioxide reacts nrog sodium hydroxide: Silicon dioxide reacts nrog sodium hydroxide ua ntej los ntawm reacting nrog dej los tsim silicic acid, ces silicic acid reacts nrog sodium hydroxide los tsim sodium silicate. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicon dioxide thiab dej yog qeeb heev, thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv yeej tsis tso cua sov. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kinetic, nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sai.

Cov khoom siv sib txawv

▪ Silicon qauv:Siliconmuaj qee cov qauv siv lead ua, thiab muaj qee qhov khoob thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm cov atoms, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau sodium hydroxide tov rau kev sib cuag thiab hnov ​​​​mob nrog silicon atoms.

▪ Cov qauv ntawmsilicondioxide:silicondioxide muaj ib tug ruaj khov spatial network qauv.Siliconatoms thiab oxygen atoms yog nruj nreem khi los ntawm covalent bonds los tsim ib tug nyuaj thiab ruaj khov siv lead ua qauv. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau cov tshuaj sodium hydroxide nkag mus rau hauv nws sab hauv thiab tag nrho hu rau silicon atoms, ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sai. Tsuas yog silicon atoms nyob rau saum npoo ntawm silicon dioxide hais tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog sodium hydroxide, txwv tsis pub cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Cov nyhuv ntawm tej yam kev mob

▪ Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicon nrog sodium hydroxide: Nyob rau hauv cov cua kub, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicon nrog sodium hydroxide tov yuav nrawm dua, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau tuaj yeem ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

▪ Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicon dioxide nrog sodium hydroxide: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicon dioxide nrog sodium hydroxide tov yog qeeb heev ntawm chav tsev kub. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav raug txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav xws li kub siab thiab cov tshuaj sodium hydroxide concentrated.