Ib tug semiconductor yog ib yam khoom uas nws hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm chav tsev kub yog nruab nrab ntawm ib tug conductor thiab ib tug insulator. Zoo li tooj liab hlau nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, txhuas hlau yog ib tug conductor, thiab roj hmab yog ib tug insulator. Los ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm kev ua haujlwm: semiconductor yog hais txog kev tswj tau, xws li insulator mus rau tus neeg xyuas pib.
Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov hnub ntawm semiconductor chips, silicon tsis yog lub ntsiab players, germanium yog. Tus thawj transistor yog germanium raws li transistor thiab thawj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas yog germanium nti.
Txawm li cas los xij, germanium muaj qee qhov teeb meem nyuaj, xws li ntau qhov kev cuam tshuam hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tsis zoo thermal stability, thiab tsis txaus oxides. Ntxiv mus, germanium yog ib yam khoom uas tsis tshua muaj, cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb lub crust tsuas yog 7 feem ntawm ib lab, thiab kev faib ntawm germanium ore kuj yog heev dispersed. Nws yog qhov tseeb vim tias germanium yog qhov tsawg heev, qhov kev faib tawm tsis yog concentrated, ua rau tus nqi siab ntawm germanium raw khoom; Tej yam uas tsis tshua muaj, cov nqi raw khoom yog siab, thiab germanium transistors tsis pheej yig nyob qhov twg, yog li germanium transistors nyuaj rau loj tsim.
Yog li, cov kws tshawb fawb, kev tsom xam ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb tau dhia mus rau ib theem, saib ntawm silicon. Nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias tag nrho cov kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm germanium yog qhov zoo ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm silicon.
1, silicon yog qhov thib ob ntau tshaj plaws tom qab cov pa oxygen, tab sis koj tsis tuaj yeem pom silicon hauv qhov xwm txheej, nws cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yog silica thiab silicates. Silica yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov xuab zeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, feldspar, granite, quartz thiab lwm cov tebchaw yog raws li cov khoom siv silicon-oxygen.
2. Lub thermal stability ntawm silicon yog zoo, nrog ib tug ntom, siab dielectric tas li oxide, tau yooj yim npaj ib tug silicon-silicon oxide interface nrog ob peb interface tsis xws luag.
3. Silicon oxide yog insoluble nyob rau hauv dej (germanium oxide yog insoluble nyob rau hauv dej) thiab insoluble nyob rau hauv feem ntau acids, uas yog tsuas yog lub corrosion printing tshuab ntawm luam Circuit Court boards. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke yog cov txheej txheem kev sib koom ua ke hauv Circuit Court uas txuas ntxiv mus rau hnub no.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-31-2023