Yuav ua li cas yuav tsum tau carbon electrodes, graphite electrodes thiab self-baking electrodes yuav tsum raug siv nyob rau hauv lub submerged arc rauv kev lag luam?

Hom, kev ua tau zoo thiab siv cov electrode

Hom hluav taws xob

Carbonaceous electrodes tuaj yeem muab faib ua carbon electrodes, graphite electrodes thiab tus kheej ci electrodes raws li lawv cov kev siv thiab kev tsim khoom.

Cov pa roj carbon electrode yog ua los ntawm cov hmoov tshauv qis anthracite, metallurgical coke, pitch coke thiab roj av coke. Nws yog tsim los ntawm ib qho kev faib ua feem thiab particle loj. Thaum ntxiv, cov binder asphalt thiab tar yog sib tov, thiab qhov sib tov yog sib npaug ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Ua, thiab thaum kawg maj mam calcining nyob rau hauv ib lub roaster. Yuav muab faib ua tej yam ntuj tso graphite electrodes, dag graphite electrodes, carbon electrodes thiab tshwj xeeb carbon electrodes.

Cov graphite electrode (graphiteelectrode) yog ua los ntawm cov roj av coke thiab pitch coke ua raw khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv lub qhov cub hluav taws xob graphitized nrog qhov kub ntawm 2273 ~ 2773K, thiab ua rau graphite electrode los ntawm graphitization. Cov graphite electrode ntxiv muab faib ua hom hauv qab no.

Lub zog zoo tib yam graphite electrode tso cai rau kev siv graphite electrodes nrog qhov ceev tam sim no tsawg dua 17 A / cm2, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob zoo tib yam xws li steel ua, silicon refining, thiab yellowing phosphorus.

Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation coated graphite electrode yog coated nrog txheej tiv thaiv (graphite electrode antioxidant) uas yog conductive thiab resistant rau kub oxidation, uas txo cov electrode noj thaum steelmaking (19% ~ 50%) thiab prolongs lub neej kev pab cuam. ntawm cov electrode (22% ~ 60%), txo lub zog noj ntawm cov electrode.

Lub zog graphite electrode tso cai rau kev siv graphite electrodes nrog qhov ceev tam sim no ntawm 18 txog 25 A / cm2, uas yog siv rau hauv high-power hluav taws xob arc rauv rau steelmaking.

Ultra siab zog graphite electrodes tso cai rau siv graphite electrodes nrog tam sim no ntom ntau dua 25 A / cm2. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ultra-siab zog steelmaking hluav taws xob arc rauv.

Self-bakingelectrode (selfbakingelectrode) siv anthracite, coke, thiab bitumen thiab tar raws li raw cov ntaub ntawv, ua ib tug electrode muab tshuaj txhuam nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam kub thiab loading lub electrode muab tshuaj txhuam rau hauv ib tug electrode rooj uas tau mounted rau ib tug hluav taws xob rauv (raws li qhia. nyob rau hauv FIG 1), Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, Joule tshav kub generated los ntawm kev hla ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no thiab cov hluav taws xob conduction nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg. lawv tus kheej-sintered thiab coked. Xws li ib qho hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv tsis tu ncua, thiab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev koom nrog rau sab ntug ntev thiab tuaj yeem raug rho tawm mus rau hauv txoj kab uas hla loj. Tus kheej-ci electrode yog dav siv rau ferroalloy ntau lawm vim nws cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis.

Daim duab 1 Schematic daim duab ntawm lub plhaub electrode

1-electrode plhaub; 2-txoj kab; 3-peb tus nplaig

Lub ntsiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov electrode

Cov khoom siv electrode yuav tsum muaj cov khoom hauv qab no physicochemical:

Lub conductivity yog zoo dua, lub resistivity yog me me, txo qhov poob ntawm hluav taws xob lub zog, txo qhov voltage poob ntawm lub luv luv net, thiab ua rau kom cov zoo voltage nce lub zog ntawm lub molten pas dej ua ke;

Lub melting point yog siab;

Lub coefficient ntawm thermal expansion yog me me, thaum qhov kub hloov pauv sai, nws tsis yooj yim rau deformed, thiab qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv los ntawm qhov kub hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov kab nrib pleb kom ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv;

Muaj lub zog txhua yam txaus ntawm qhov kub thiab txias;

Cov impurities yog tsawg thiab impurities tsis paug cov smelt.

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa roj carbon electrode, graphite electrode thiab tus kheej ci electrode yog qhia nyob rau hauv Table 1 thiab Figures 2 thiab 3.

Table 1 Electrode technical performance

Fig. 2 Qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov pa roj carbon electrode thiab graphite electrode nrog kub

Daim duab 3 Thermal conductivity ntawm carbon thiab graphite electrodes raws li ib tug muaj nuj nqi ntawm kub

Kev xaiv cov electrodes hauv kev lag luam ferroalloy

Self-baking electrodes yog dav siv nyob rau hauv hlau alloy smelting, refining ferrosilicon, silicon chromium alloy, manganese silicon alloy, siab carbon ferromanganese, siab carbon ferrochrome, nruab nrab thiab tsawg carbon ferromanganese, nruab nrab thiab tsawg carbon ferrochrome, silicon calcium alloy, tungsten hlau tos . Self-baking electrodes zoo li yuav ua rau kom cov alloys ntau lawm, hlau siv rau hauv cov pa roj carbon, thiab tsim hlau alloys thiab cov hlau ntshiab uas muaj cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg heev. Yog tias carbon ferrochrome, muaj silicon thiab manganese hlau, carbon lossis graphite electrodes yuav tsum tau siv.

电极的种类、性能及其用途

电极种类

碳质电极按其用途及制作工艺不同可分为碳素电极、石墨电极和自焙甉絍。

碳素电极 (carbonelectrode) 是以低灰分的无烟煤、冶金焦、沥青焦和石油焦为原料，按一定的比例和粒度组成。混合时加入黏结剂沥青和焦油，在适当的温度下搅拌均匀压制成形，最后在焙烧炉中缓慢焙烧制得。可分为天然石墨电极、人造石墨电极、碳电极以及特种碳素电极四类。

石墨电极 (graphiteelectrode) yog 石油焦和沥青焦为原料制成碳素电极，再放到温度为2273 ~ 2773K 的石墨化电阻炉中，经石墨化而制成石墨电极“石墨电极又分为为䠻。

普通功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度低于 17A/cm2的石墨电极，主要用于炼钢、炼硅、炼黄磷等的普通功率电炉。

抗氧化涂层石墨电极表面涂覆既能导电又耐高温氧化的保护层(石墨电极抗氧化剂), 降低炼钢时延长电极的使用寿命(22% ~ 60%), 降低电极的电能消耗.

高功石墨电极允许使用电流密度为18 ~ 25A/cm2的石墨电极，主要用于炼炼钢的高姇玼。

超高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度大于 25A/cm2的石墨电极。主要用于超高功炼炼炼石墨电极。

自焙电极 (selfbakingelectrode) 用无烟煤、焦炭以及沥青和焦油为原料，在一定温度下制成电极糊，然后把电极糊装入已安装在电炉上的电极壳中（如图1所翇示），中依靠电流通过时所产生的焦耳热和炉内传导热，自行烧结焦化。这种电极可连续使用，边使用边接长边给结成形，且可焙烧成大直径的。自焙电极不仅工艺简单，成本也低，因此被广泛用于铁合金生产。