Peb siv lawv los muab koj qhov kev paub zoo tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj txuas ntxiv siv peb lub vev xaib, peb yuav xav tias koj zoo siab tau txais tag nrho cov ncuav qab zib ntawm lub vev xaib no.
Lub tuam txhab roj Italian Eni tau nqis peev $ 50m hauv Commonwealth Fusion Systems, MIT spinout uas koom tes nrog lub koom haum ntawm kev tsim cov hlau nplaum superconducting los tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide hauv kev sim fusion zog hu ua SPARC. Julian Turner tau txais kev poob qis los ntawm CEO Robert Mumgaard.
Sib sib zog nqus hauv cov chav tsev dawb huv ntawm Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) muaj kev hloov pauv lub zog tau tshwm sim. Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev vam meej, cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias lub zog fusion yog thaum kawg npaj los thov nws hnub thiab tias qhov dawb huv grail ntawm tsis muaj kev txwv, combustion-dawb, xoom-carbon zog yuav ncav cuag.
Ltalis lub zog loj loj Eni qhia qhov kev cia siab no, nqis peev € 50m ($ 62m) hauv kev sib koom tes nrog MIT's Plasma Fusion thiab Science Center (PSFC) thiab cov tuam txhab ntiag tug Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS), uas yog lub hom phiaj kom ceev nrooj fusion zog rau hauv daim phiaj. hauv tsawg li 15 xyoos.
Kev tswj fusion, cov txheej txheem uas ua rau lub hnub thiab cov hnub qub, raug kaw los ntawm qhov teeb meem muaj hnub nyoog: thaum qhov kev xyaum tso tawm ntau lub zog, nws tsuas tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ntau lab degrees Celsius, kub tshaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub zog. tshav ntuj, thiab kub heev rau tej yam khoom uas yuav nyiaj tau.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev kaw ntawm fusion fuels nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, fusion fais fab kev sim muaj, txog rau tam sim no, khiav ntawm qhov tsis txaus, tsim kom muaj zog tsawg dua li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam fusion, thiab yog li tsis tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob rau. daim phiaj.
CFS CEO Robert Mumgaard hais tias "Kev tshawb fawb Fusion tau kawm ntau dhau los ntawm ntau xyoo dhau los, ua rau muaj kev nkag siab txog kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis rau fusion zog," hais tias CFS CEO Robert Mumgaard.
"CFS yog kev lag luam fusion siv txoj hauv kev siab, qhov chaw uas peb tab tom tsim cov hlau nplaum loj tshiab los ua cov khoom siv me me uas siv tib lub physics mus kom ze raws li tsoomfwv txoj haujlwm loj dua. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, CFS ua haujlwm ze nrog MIT hauv kev sib koom tes, pib nrog kev tsim cov hlau nplaum tshiab. "
Cov cuab yeej SPARC siv cov hlau nplaum muaj zog los tuav hauv qhov chaw kub plasma - cov kua roj gaseous ntawm subatomic hais - los tiv thaiv nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ib feem ntawm lub khob noom cookie zoo li lub tshuab nqus tsev.
Mumgaard piav qhia tias "Qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb yog los tsim cov ntshav ntshav ntawm cov xwm txheej kom fusion tshwm sim kom nws tsim tau lub zog ntau dua li nws siv," Mumgaard piav qhia. "Qhov no tso siab rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm physics hu ua plasma physics."
Qhov kev sim me me no yog tsim los tsim ib puag ncig 100MW ntawm cov cua sov hauv kaum-thib ob pulses, ntau npaum li lub zog siv los ntawm lub nroog me. Tab sis, raws li SPARC yog ib qho kev sim, nws yuav tsis suav nrog cov tshuab los tig lub zog fusion rau hauv hluav taws xob.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm MIT cia siab tias cov zis yuav ntau dua ob npaug ntawm lub zog siv los ua kom sov lub plasma, thaum kawg ua tiav qhov kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws: lub zog zoo ntawm fusion.
Mumgaard hais tias "Fusion tshwm sim hauv lub plasma nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thiab insulated siv magnetic teb," hais tias Mumgaard. “Qhov no yog lub tswv yim zoo li lub raj mis hlau nplaum. Lub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum muaj feem xyuam rau lub raj mis hlau nplaum muaj peev xwm los tiv thaiv cov ntshav plasma kom nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag fusion.
"Yog li, yog tias peb tuaj yeem ua cov hlau nplaum muaj zog peb tuaj yeem ua cov plasmas uas tuaj yeem ua kom kub dua thiab siv zog tsawg dua los txhawb nqa nws. Thiab nrog cov plasmas zoo dua peb tuaj yeem ua cov cuab yeej me me thiab tswj tau ntau dua los tsim thiab txhim kho.
"Nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias superconductors, peb muaj cov cuab yeej tshiab los ua kom muaj zog sib nqus zoo heev, thiab yog li zoo dua thiab me dua cov fwj sib nqus. Peb ntseeg tias qhov no yuav ua rau peb fusion sai dua. "
Mumgaard yog xa mus rau lub cim tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj loj uas muaj peev xwm tsim tau ib qho chaw sib nqus ob zaug kom muaj zog raws li kev ua haujlwm hauv ib qho kev sim fusion uas twb muaj lawm, ua kom muaj ntau tshaj kaum npaug ntawm lub zog ib qhov loj.
Ua los ntawm steel daim kab xev coated nrog ib tug compound hu ua yttrium-barium-tooj liab oxide (YBCO), tus tshiab superconducting hlau nplaum yuav pab tau SPARC los tsim ib tug fusion zog tso zis txog ib tug tsib ntawm ITER tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug ntaus ntawv uas tsuas yog hais txog 1/65. ntim.
Los ntawm kev txo qhov loj me, nqi, ncua sij hawm thiab lub koom haum tsis yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke, YBCO hlau nplaum tseem yuav ua kom muaj kev kawm tshiab thiab kev lag luam, kom muaj zog fusion.
"SPARC thiab ITER yog ob qho tib si tokamaks, ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm lub raj mis hlau nplaum raws li kev tshawb fawb dav dav ntawm plasma physics kev loj hlob ntau xyoo lawm," Mumgaard qhia meej.
"SPARC yuav siv lub cim tom ntej ntawm high-temperature superconductor (HTS) cov hlau nplaum uas tso cai rau cov hlau nplaum ntau dua, muab cov phiaj xwm fusion ntawm qhov me me.
"Peb ntseeg tias qhov no yuav yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav fusion ntawm lub sijhawm huab cua ntsig txog lub sijhawm thiab cov khoom lag luam txaus nyiam."
Hais txog cov sijhawm teev sijhawm thiab kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig, SPARC yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm tus qauv tokamak uas tau kawm thiab kho kom zoo rau ntau xyoo, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm MIT uas tau pib xyoo 1970s.
Qhov kev sim SPARC lub hom phiaj txhawm rau txhim kho txoj hauv kev rau lub ntiaj teb thawj qhov tseeb fusion fais fab nrog lub peev xwm ntawm ib ncig ntawm 200MW ntawm hluav taws xob, piv rau cov khoom lag luam hluav taws xob feem ntau.
Txawm hais tias muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg thoob plaws ib puag ncig lub zog fusion - Eni muaj lub zeem muag rau yav tom ntej los ua thawj lub tuam txhab roj thoob ntiaj teb los nqis peev ntau hauv nws - cov neeg tawm tswv yim ntseeg tias cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev xav tau lub zog loj hlob, thaum tib lub sij hawm slashing. tsev xog paj emissions.
Qhov me me tau qhib los ntawm cov hlau nplaum superconducting tshiab uas tuaj yeem ua rau txoj hauv kev sai dua, pheej yig dua rau hluav taws xob los ntawm fusion zog ntawm daim phiaj.
Eni kwv yees nws yuav raug nqi $ 3bn los tsim 200MW fusion reactor los ntawm 2033. Qhov project ITER, kev sib koom tes ntawm Europe, Asmeskas, Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb, Nyiv, Russia thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb, yog ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm nws lub hom phiaj ntawm thawj super. -heated plasma test los ntawm 2025 thiab thawj lub zog fusion los ntawm 2035, thiab muaj peev txheej ntawm € 20bn. Raws li nrog SPARC, ITER yog tsim los tsis tsim hluav taws xob.
Yog li, nrog US daim phiaj txav deb ntawm monolithic 2GW-3GW thee lossis fission fais fab nroj tsuag mus rau cov nyob rau hauv 100MW-500MW ntau yam, fusion fais fab tuaj yeem sib tw hauv kev lag luam nyuaj - thiab, yog tias muaj, thaum twg?
"Tseem muaj kev tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau ua, tab sis cov kev cov nyom tau paub, kev tsim kho tshiab yog taw qhia txoj hauv kev kom nrawm dua, cov neeg ua si tshiab zoo li CFS tab tom coj kev lag luam tsom mus rau cov teeb meem thiab cov kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb tau paub tab," Mumgaard hais.
"Peb ntseeg tias fusion yog ze dua li ntau tus neeg xav. Nyob twj ywm.” jQuery( document ).ready(function() { /* Companies carousel */ jQuery('.carousel').slick({dots: true, infinite: true, speed: 300, lazyLoad: 'ondemand', slidesToShow: 1, slidesToScroll: 1, adaptiveHeight: tseeb });
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Thaum koj tab tom nrhiav los txhim kho koj lub tshuab fais fab kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab, koj yuav xav tau txoj kev simulation kom tau txais koj nyob ntawd. Ib lub tuam txhab muaj kev mob siab rau tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub neej simulators kom paub tseeb tias koj cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj kev paub txog kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm koj lub tshuab fais fab.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-18-2019