Ua holo mua ka Universal Hydrogen's hydrogen fuel cell demonstrator i kona lele mua ʻana i Moss Lake, Wakinekona, i ka pule i hala. He 15 mau minuke ka lele hoʻāʻo a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3,500 kapuaʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka paepae hoʻāʻo ma ka Dash8-300, ka mokulele mokulele hydrogen nui loa o ka honua.
Ua haʻalele ka mokulele, i kapa ʻia ʻo Lightning McClean, mai Grant County International Airport (KMWH) i ka hola 8:45 i ka lā Malaki 2 a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe huakaʻi he 3,500 kapuaʻi 15 mau minuke ma hope. ʻO ka lele, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma kahi palapala FAA Special Airworthiness, ʻo ia ka mea mua o ka lele hoʻāʻo ʻelua makahiki i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopau i ka makahiki 2025. ʻO ka mokulele, i hoʻololi ʻia mai kahi mokulele āpana ATR 72, hoʻopaʻa wale i hoʻokahi mīkini pahu turbine kumulāʻau. no ka palekana, aʻo ke koena e hoʻohana ʻia e ka hydrogen maʻemaʻe.
Manaʻo ʻo Universal Hydrogen e loaʻa i nā hana lele ʻāpana ʻāina e hoʻohana piha ʻia e nā pūnana wahie hydrogen i ka makahiki 2025. Ma kēia hoʻāʻo ʻana, e hoʻopuka ka ʻenekini i hoʻohana ʻia e kahi pahu hydrogen maʻemaʻe i ka wai a ʻaʻole hoʻohaumia i ka lewa. No ka mea he ho'āʻo mua ia, ke holo mau nei ka ʻenekini ʻē aʻe ma ka wahie maʻamau. No laila inā ʻoe e nānā iā ia, aia ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā ʻenekini hema a me nā ʻenekini ʻākau, ʻo ke anawaena o nā lau a me ka helu o nā lau. Wahi a Universal Hydrogren, ʻoi aku ka palekana o nā mokulele i hoʻohana ʻia e ka hydrogen fuel cell, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana a ʻaʻohe hopena liʻiliʻi i ke kaiapuni. ʻO kā lākou hydrogen wahie he modular a hiki ke hoʻouka a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma o nā keʻena ukana o ka mokulele, no laila hiki i ke kahua mokulele ke hoʻokō i nā pono hoʻopiha o nā mokulele hydrogen-powered me ka hoʻololi ʻole. Ma ke kumumanaʻo, hiki i nā jet nui ke hana like, me nā turbofans e hoʻohana ʻia e nā wahie wahie hydrogen i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia e ka waena o 2030s.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo Paul Eremenko, ka mea hoʻokumu a me ka Luna Hoʻokele o Universal Hydrogen, manaʻoʻiʻo e holo nā jetliners ma ka hydrogen maʻemaʻe ma ka waena o 2030s, inā ʻaʻole pono ka ʻoihana e ʻoki i nā mokulele e hoʻokō i nā pahuhopu hoʻokuʻu o ka ʻoihana. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ia ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā kumukūʻai tiketi a me ka hakakā ʻana e kiʻi i kahi tikiki. No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ka paipai ʻana i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mokulele ikehu hou. Akā ʻo kēia lele mua e hāʻawi i kahi manaʻolana no ka ʻoihana.
Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka misionari e Alex Kroll, he mea hoʻokele hoʻokolohua ʻike mua o ka US Air Force a me ke alakaʻi hoʻokele hoʻokele alakaʻi o ka hui. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia i ka huakaʻi hoʻāʻo ʻelua, ua hiki iā ia ke lele holoʻokoʻa ma luna o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wahie hydrogen, me ka hilinaʻi ʻole ʻana i nā mīkini wahie fossil primitive. "ʻO ka mokulele i hoʻololi ʻia he hana maikaʻi loa ka lawelawe ʻana a ʻo ka ʻōnaehana mana hydrogen wahie e hoʻohua nui mai ka leo a me ka haʻalulu ma mua o nā ʻenekini turbine maʻamau," wahi a Kroll.
Loaʻa i ka Universal Hydrogen nā kauoha kaʻaahi no nā mokulele āpana hydrogen-powered, me Connect Airlines, kahi hui ʻAmelika. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo John Thomas, ka luna nui o ka hui, i ka lele ʻana o Lightning McClain "ground zero no ka decarbonization o ka ʻoihana mokulele honua."
No ke aha i koho ʻia ai ka mokulele hydrogen-powered no ka hōʻemi kalapona i ka mokulele?
Ke hoʻololi nei ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ea no nā makahiki he nui e hiki mai ana.
Hoʻokuʻu wale ka mokulele i hoʻokahi hapaono o ka carbon dioxide e like me nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻa, e like me ka World Resources Institute, kahi hui noiʻi nonprofit i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Wakinekona. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā mokulele i kēlā me kēia lā ma mua o nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻa.
ʻO nā mokulele nui ʻehā (ʻAmelika, United, Delta a me Southwest) i hoʻonui i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie jet ma 15 pakeneka ma waena o 2014 a me 2019. Eia naʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea i hoʻokomo ʻia nā mokulele ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka haʻahaʻa-carbon i ka hana ʻana, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā helu kaʻa. he ʻano iho i lalo mai ka makahiki 2019.
Ua kūpaʻa nā mokulele i ka lilo ʻana i ke kalapona i ka waena o ke kenekulia, a ua hoʻolilo kekahi i nā wahie hoʻomau e hiki ai i ka mokulele ke pāʻani i ka hana ikaika i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau.
ʻO nā wahie hoʻomau (SAF) he biofuels i hana ʻia mai ka ʻaila kuke, ka momona holoholona, nā ʻōpala o ke kūlanakauhale a i ʻole nā mea hānai ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka wahie me nā wahie maʻamau i nā ʻenekini jet a ke hoʻohana ʻia nei i nā mokulele hoʻāʻo a hiki i nā mokulele mokulele i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi o ka wahie hoʻomau, ma kahi o ʻekolu manawa e like me ka wahie jet maʻamau. Ke kūʻai a hoʻohana nei nā mokulele mokulele i nā wahie hoʻomau, e piʻi hou aʻe nā kumukūʻai. Ke koi nei nā mea kākoʻo i nā mea hoʻoikaika e like me ka hoʻomaha ʻauhau e hoʻonui i ka hana.
ʻIke ʻia nā wahie hoʻomau ma ke ʻano he wahie alahaka e hiki ai ke ʻoki i nā hoʻokuʻu kalapona a hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā holomua nui e like me nā mokulele uila a i ʻole hydrogen. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau ʻenehana i ka mokulele no nā makahiki 20 a i ʻole 30.
Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā ʻoihana e hoʻolālā a kūkulu i nā mokulele uila, akā ʻo ka hapa nui he mau mokulele liʻiliʻi, e like me ka helikopter e haʻalele a pae pololei a paʻa i kahi lima o nā poʻe holo.
ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka mokulele uila nui hiki ke lawe i 200 mau mea kaʻa - ka like me ka lele maʻamau waena - pono e koi ʻia nā ʻeke nui a me nā manawa lele lōʻihi. Ma ia maʻamau, pono ke kaupaona ʻana o nā pākahi ma kahi o 40 mau manawa e like me ka wahie jet e hoʻopiha piha ʻia. Akā ʻaʻole hiki ke holo nā mokulele uila me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻenehana pākaukau.
ʻO ka ikehu hydrogen kahi mea hana pono e hoʻokō ai i nā hoʻokuʻu kalapona haʻahaʻa a pāʻani i kahi hana hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻololi ikehu honua. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o ka ikehu hydrogen ma mua o nā kumu ikehu hou e hiki ke mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano nui i nā kau. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka hydrogen ʻōmaʻomaʻo wale nō ke ʻano o ka decarbonization hohonu i nā ʻoihana he nui, me nā ʻoihana ʻoihana i hōʻike ʻia e ka petrochemical, ke kila, ka ʻoihana kemika a me ka ʻoihana halihali i hōʻike ʻia e ka mokulele. Wahi a ka International Commission on Hydrogen Energy, ua manaʻo ʻia ka mākeke ikehu hydrogen e hōʻea i $ 2.5 trillion e 2050.
"He wahie māmā loa ka hydrogen," ʻo Dan Rutherford, he mea noiʻi no ka decarbonization kaʻa a me nā mokulele ma ka International Council on Clean Transportation, kahi hui kaiapuni, i haʻi aku i ka Associated Press. "Akā, pono ʻoe i nā pahu nui e mālama i ka hydrogen, a ʻo ka pahu ponoʻī he kaumaha loa."
Eia kekahi, aia nā drawbacks a me nā pilikia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka wahie hydrogen. No ka laʻana, pono nā ʻenehana hou nui a pipiʻi i nā mokulele e mālama i ke kinoea hydrogen i hoʻoluʻu ʻia i loko o ke ʻano wai.
Eia nō naʻe, hoʻomau ka manaʻo o Rutherford e pili ana i ka hydrogen. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei kāna hui e hiki i nā mokulele hydrogen-powered ke holo ma kahi o 2,100 mau mile i ka makahiki 2035.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-16-2023