Pehea e hoʻohana pono ʻia ai nā electrodes kalapona, nā electrodes graphite a me nā electrodes hoʻomoʻa ponoʻī i loko o ka ʻoihana umu ahi?

ʻAno, hana a hoʻohana i ka electrode

ʻAno uila

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā electrodes carbonaceous i nā electrodes carbon, graphite electrodes a me nā electrodes hoʻomoʻa ponoʻī e like me kā lākou hoʻohana a me nā kaʻina hana.

Hana ʻia ka electrode kalapona i ka anthracite haʻahaʻa lehu, coke metallurgical, pitch coke a me ka petroleum coke.Hoʻokumu ʻia ia me kahi ʻāpana a me ka nui o nā ʻāpana.I ka hoʻohui ʻana, hui ʻia ka asphalt binder a me ka tar, a hoʻoulu ʻia ka hui ʻana i kahi mahana kūpono.Hoʻokumu ʻia, a hope calcining mālie i loko o kahi roaster.Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā electrodes graphite kūlohelohe, nā electrodes graphite artificial, nā electrodes kalapona a me nā electrodes kalapona kūikawā.

ʻO ka graphite electrode (graphiteelectrode) i hana ʻia me ka petroleum coke a me ka pitch coke ma ke ʻano he mea maka, a laila waiho ʻia i loko o kahi umu uila graphitized me ka mahana o 2273 ~ 2773K, a ua hana ʻia i loko o kahi graphite electrode e ka graphitization.Ua mahele hou ia ka graphite electrode i keia ano.

Hiki i ka electrode graphite mana maʻamau ke hoʻohana i nā electrodes graphite me ka nui o kēia manawa ma lalo o 17 A/cm2, a hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā umu uila mana maʻamau e like me ka hana kila, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe silika, a me ka phosphorus melemele.

Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻili o ka graphite electrode i uhi ʻia me ka pale pale (graphite electrode antioxidant) i conductive a kūpaʻa i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela wela, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka electrode i ka wā o ka hana kila (19% ~ 50%) a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe. o ka electrode (22% ~ 60%), e hoemi ana i ka mana o ka electrode.

Hiki i ka graphite electrode kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻohana i nā electrodes graphite me ka nui o kēia manawa o 18 a 25 A / cm2, ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kapuahi uila uila kiʻekiʻe no ka hana kila.

Hiki i nā electrodes graphite kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻohana i nā electrodes graphite me nā density o kēia manawa ma mua o 25 A/cm2.Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kapuahi uila arc uila ultra-kiʻekiʻe.

E hoʻohana ana i ka anthracite, coke, a me ka bitumen a me ka tar ma ke ʻano he mea maka, e hana ana i ka paʻi electrode i kekahi mahana, a laila e hoʻouka i ka paʻi electrode i loko o kahi pahu electrode i kau ʻia ma ka umu uila (e like me ka hōʻike ʻana. i FIG. 1), I ke kaʻina hana o ka umu uila, ʻo ka Joule wela i hana ʻia e ka hele ʻana o ke au uila a me ka wela conduction i loko o ka umu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a coked.Hiki ke hoʻohana mau ʻia kēlā electrode, a hiki ke hana ʻia ma ka hui ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao lōʻihi a hiki ke puhi ʻia i kahi anawaena nui.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka electrode bake ponoʻī no ka hana ferroalloy ma muli o kāna kaʻina maʻalahi a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa.

Kiʻi 1 kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi o ka pūpū electrode

1-electrode shell;ʻāpana 2-rib;3-huikolu alelo

ʻO ka hana ʻenehana nui o ka electrode

Pono nā mea electrode i nā waiwai physicochemical penei:

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka conductivity, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka resistivity, e hōʻemi i ka nalowale o ka ikehu uila, e hoʻemi i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka uila o ka ʻupena pōkole, a hoʻonui i ka volta maikaʻi e hoʻonui ai i ka mana o ka wai hoʻoheheʻe;

He kiʻekiʻe ka helu heheʻe;

He liʻiliʻi ka coefficient o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela, ke loli wikiwiki ka mahana, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hoʻololi ʻia, a ʻo ke koʻikoʻi kūloko i hana ʻia e ka hoʻololi wela ʻaʻole hiki ke hana i nā māwae maikaʻi e hoʻonui ai i ke kū'ē;

Loaʻa ka ikaika mechanical i nā wela kiʻekiʻe;

He haʻahaʻa nā mea haumia a ʻaʻole hoʻohaumia nā mea haumia i ka honi.

Hōʻike ʻia nā waiwai ʻenehana nui o ka electrode carbon, ka graphite electrode a me ka electrode hoʻomoʻa ponoʻī ma ka Papa 1 a me nā Kiʻi 2 a me 3.

Papa 1 Electrode hana loea

Fig. 2 Ka hoʻololi o ka resistivity o carbon electrode a me graphite electrode me ka mahana

Figure 3 Thermal conductivity o carbon and graphite electrodes ma ke ano he hana o ka wela

Ke koho ʻana i nā electrodes i ka ʻoihana ferroalloy

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā electrodes paʻa ponoʻī i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hao, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ferrosilicon, silicon chromium alloy, manganese silicon alloy, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferrochrome, medium and low carbon ferromanganese, medium and low carbon ferrochrome, silicon calcium alloy, tungsten hao Kali. .Hoʻonui ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā kāʻei hao i kalapona, a hana i nā mea hao a me nā metala maʻemaʻe me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.Inā pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā kalapona ferrochrome, ka silika ʻenehana a me ka metala manganese, carbon a i ʻole graphite electrodes.

电极的种类、性能及其用途

电极种类

碳质电极按其用途及制作工艺不同可分为碳素电极、石墨电极和自焙电瞁。

碳素电极(carbonelectrode)是以低灰分的无烟煤、冶金焦、沥青焦和石油焦为原料，从不一一与.混合时加入黏结剂沥青和焦油，在适当的温度下搅拌均匀后压制成形，最后在焙烧炉中缓慢焙烧制得。可分为天然石墨电极、人造石墨电极索田电是他素电极四类。

石墨电极(graphiteelectrode)以石油焦和沥青焦为原料制成碳素电极，再放到温度为2273到温度为2273碌间中，经石墨化而制成石墨电极„石墨电极又分为以下几种。

普通功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度低于17A/cm2的石墨电极，主要用于炼钢于的石墨电极，主要用于炼钂于管片住通功率电炉。

抗氧化涂层石墨电极表面涂覆既能导电又耐高温氧化的保护层(石墨电极)又无为电极消耗(19%〜50%),延长电极的使用寿命(22%〜 60%),降低电极的电能消耗。

高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度为18〜25A/cm2的石墨电极，主要用于炼钟的高甼钟的高甼钟

超高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度大于25A/cm2的石墨电极。主要用于超高為玟称。

自焙电极(selfbakingelectrode)用无烟煤、焦炭以及沥青和焦油为原料，在一定温度下定温度下制，我物物我物糊装入已安装在电炉上的电极壳中(如图1所示)，在电炉生产过程中依靠电流通过时所产生的焦耳热和炉内传导热，自行烧结焦家使用，边使用边接长边给结成形，且可焙烧成大直径的。自焙电极不仅工艺简单，成本也低，因此被广泛用于铁合金生产。