Hoʻohana mākou iā lākou e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻike maikaʻi loa. Inā hoʻomau ʻoe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā mākou pūnaewele, manaʻo mākou ua hauʻoli ʻoe i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kuki āpau ma kēia pūnaewele.
ʻO ka hui aila ʻItalia ʻo Eni ke hoʻopukapuka nei i $ 50m i Commonwealth Fusion Systems, kahi MIT spinout e hui pū ana me ka institute i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā magnet superconducting e hana i ka ikehu zero-carbon i kahi hoʻokolohua mana fusion i kapa ʻia ʻo SPARC. Loaʻa iā Julian Turner ka haʻahaʻa mai ka CEO ʻo Robert Mumgaard.
Aia i loko o nā keʻena laʻa o Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) kahi hoʻololi ikehu. Ma hope o nā makahiki he nui o ka holomua, manaʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema ua mākaukau ka mana fusion e koi i kona lā a hiki i ka grail hemolele o ka palena ʻole, hoʻopau ʻole, zero-carbon ikehu.
Ua kaʻana like ʻo Eni ikehu Italia i kēia manaʻo maikaʻi, e hoʻopukapuka ana i ka € 50m ($62m) i kahi papahana hui pū me ka MIT's Plasma Fusion and Science Center (PSFC) a me ka hui pilikino Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS), e manaʻo nei e wikiwiki i ka mana fusion ma luna o ka pā. i loko o 15 makahiki.
ʻO ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka hui ʻana, ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoikaika ai i ka lā a me nā hōkū, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka pilikia kahiko: ʻoiai ke hoʻokuʻu nei ka hana i ka nui o ka ikehu, hiki ke hana ʻia i nā wela wela o nā miliona degere Celsius, ʻoi aku ka wela ma mua o ke kikowaena o ka. lā, a wela loa no kekahi mea paʻa e hoʻomanawanui.
Ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o nā wahie fusion i kēia mau kūlana koʻikoʻi, ua holo nā hoʻokolohua fusion mana, a hiki i kēia manawa, holo ma kahi hemahema, e hoʻohua ana i ka ikehu liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka mea i koi ʻia e hoʻomau i nā hopena fusion, a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hana i ka uila no ka mānoanoa.
"Ua aʻo nui ʻia ka noiʻi Fusion i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, e hopena i ka holomua o ka ʻike ʻepekema a me nā ʻenehana no ka mana fusion," wahi a CFS CEO Robert Mumgaard.
"Ke kūʻai aku nei ʻo CFS i ka hui ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ala kiʻekiʻe, kahi mākou e hoʻomohala nei i nā magnet kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hana i nā mea fusion liʻiliʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano physics like me nā papahana aupuni nui. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hana pū ʻo CFS me MIT i kahi papahana hui, e hoʻomaka ana me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea magnet hou.
Ke hoʻohana nei ka mea SPARC i nā māhina mana e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka plasma wela - he sopa kinoea o nā ʻāpana subatomic - i mea e pale aku ai i ka pili ʻana me kekahi ʻāpana o ke keʻena ʻāwīwī ʻano donut.
"ʻO ka pahuhopu nui ka hana ʻana i kahi plasma i nā kūlana no ka hui ʻana i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka mana ma mua o ka pau ʻana," wehewehe ʻo Mumgaard. "Ke hilinaʻi nui nei kēia i kahi subfield o ka physics i kapa ʻia ʻo ka physics plasma."
Hoʻolālā ʻia kēia hoʻokolohua paʻa e hana ma kahi o 100MW o ka wela i loko o nā pulupulu ʻumi kekona, e like me ka nui o ka mana e hoʻohana ʻia e kekahi kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi. Akā, ʻoiai he hoʻokolohua ʻo SPARC, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokomo i nā ʻōnaehana e hoʻohuli i ka mana fusion i uila.
Manaʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema ma MIT e ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua o ka mana i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka plasma, a loaʻa i ka hopena hope loa: ka ikehu ʻupena maikaʻi mai ka hui ʻana.
"Hū ʻia ka Fusion i loko o kahi plasma i paʻa a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā māla magnetic," wahi a Mumgaard. "He ʻano manaʻo kēia e like me ka ʻōmole magnetic. Pili loa ka ikaika o ke kahua magnetic i ka hiki o ka omole magnetic ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka plasma i hiki ai ke hōʻea i nā kūlana fusion.
"No laila, inā hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā magnet ikaika hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā plasmas i hiki ke wela a ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mana e hoʻomau ai. A me nā plasmas maikaʻi aʻe hiki iā mākou ke hoʻolilo i nā hāmeʻa i mea liʻiliʻi a maʻalahi hoʻi e kūkulu a hoʻomohala.
"Me nā superconductors kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa iā mākou kahi mea hana hou e hana ai i nā māla magnetic ikaika loa, a no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻōmole magnetic. Manaʻo mākou e alakaʻi kēia iā mākou e hui wikiwiki. "
Ke ʻōlelo nei ʻo Mumgaard i kahi hanauna hou o nā electromagnets superconducting nui i hiki ke hana i kahi māla magnetic ʻelua ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua fusion e loaʻa nei, e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka mana o ka nui.
Hana ʻia mai ka lipine kila i uhi ʻia me ka pūhui i kapa ʻia ʻo yttrium-barium-copper oxide (YBCO), nā mea mana superconducting hou e hiki ai iā SPARC ke hoʻopuka i kahi mana hui e pili ana i ka hapalima o ka ITER akā i loko o kahi hāmeʻa ma kahi o 1/65 wale nō. leo nui.
Ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui, ke kumu kūʻai, ka palena manawa a me ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana e pono ai ke kūkulu ʻana i nā polokalamu ikehu fusion net, hiki i nā mea magnet YBCO ke hiki i nā ala hoʻonaʻauao a me nā ʻoihana hou, e hoʻohui i ka ikehu.
"ʻO SPARC a me ITER nā tokamaks ʻelua, kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka ʻōmole magnetic e pili ana i ka ʻepekema kumu nui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka physics plasma i nā makahiki he mau makahiki," wehewehe ʻo Mumgaard.
"E hoʻohana ʻo SPARC i ka hanauna e hiki mai ana o ka superconductor kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (HTS) magnets e ʻae ai i kahi kahua magnetic kiʻekiʻe, e hāʻawi ana i ka hana fusion i manaʻo ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
"Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou he mea koʻikoʻi kēia o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka fusion ma kahi manawa kūpono e pili ana i ke aniau a me kahi huahana hoihoi."
Ma ke kumuhana o ka manawa a me ka hiki ke kūʻai aku, ʻo SPARC kahi hoʻolālā o kahi hoʻolālā tokamak i aʻo ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia no nā makahiki he nui, me ka hana ma MIT i hoʻomaka i ka makahiki 1970.
Ke manaʻo nei ka hoʻokolohua SPARC e hoʻokaʻawale i ke ala no ka hale mana fusion ʻoiaʻiʻo mua loa o ka honua me ka mana o kahi o 200MW o ka uila, e like me ka nui o nā mea kanu uila kalepa.
ʻOiai ka manaʻo kānalua nui e pili ana i ka mana fusion - ʻo Eni ka ʻike maka i mua e lilo i hui aila honua mua e hoʻopukapuka nui i loko - manaʻo ka poʻe kākoʻo e hiki ke hoʻokō i ka ʻenehana i kahi hapa nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka ikehu o ka honua, ʻoiai i ka manawa like. hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ke kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻO ke ʻano liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i hoʻohana ʻia e nā superconducting magnets hou e hiki ai i ke ala wikiwiki a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa i ka uila mai ka ikehu fusion ma ka pā.
Manaʻo ʻo Eni e lilo i $ 3bn no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi reactor fusion 200MW e 2033. ʻO ka papahana ITER, kahi hui pū ʻana ma waena o ʻEulopa, ka US, Kina, India, Iapana, Rūsia a me South Korea, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o kāna pahuhopu o kahi super mua. -heated plasma ho'āʻo e 2025 a me ka mua piha-mana fusion e 2035, a loaʻa kālā ma kahi o €20bn. E like me SPARC, ua hoʻolālā ʻia ʻo ITER e hana ʻole i ka uila.
No laila, me ka neʻe ʻana o ka US grid mai ka lanahu monolithic 2GW-3GW a i ʻole nā mea kanu mana fission i ka poʻe ma ka laulā 100MW-500MW, hiki ke hoʻokūkū ka mana fusion ma kahi mākeke paʻakikī - a inā pēlā, i ka manawa hea?
"Aia mau ka noiʻi e hana ʻia, akā ʻike ʻia nā pilikia, ke kuhikuhi nei nā mea hou i ke ala e hoʻolalelale ai i nā mea, nā mea pāʻani hou e like me CFS ke lawe mai nei i ka manaʻo pāʻoihana i nā pilikia a ua oʻo ka ʻepekema kumu," wahi a Mumgaard.
"Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou ua kokoke ka fusion ma mua o ka manaʻo o ka poʻe he nui. E noho mālie.” jQuery( palapala ). makaukau(hana() { /* hui carousel */ jQuery('.carousel').slick({ mau kiko: oiaio, pau ole: oiaio, wikiwiki: 300, lazyLoad: 'ondemand', slidesToShow: 1, slidesToScroll: 1, adaptiveHeight: ʻoiaʻiʻo });
ʻO DAMM Cellular Systems A/S kekahi o nā alakaʻi o ka honua i nā ʻōnaehana kamaʻilio hilinaʻi, paʻakikī a maʻalahi hoʻi i hoʻonui ʻia ʻo Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) a me ka lekiō kelepona kikohoʻe (DMR) no nā mea kūʻai aku i ka ʻoihana, kālepa a me ka lehulehu.
Hāʻawi ʻo DAMM TetraFlex Dispatcher i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pono i nā hui, e hana ana i nā ʻauwaʻa o nā mea kākau inoa e koi ana i ke kauoha leka uila, ka mana a me ka nānā ʻana.
Hāʻawi ʻo DAMM TetraFlex Voice and Data Log System i ka leo piha a pololei a me nā hana hoʻopaʻa ʻikepili, a me kahi ākea o nā keʻena logging CDR.
ʻO Green Tape Solutions kahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo Australia, ʻoihana loea i nā loiloi kaiapuni, ʻae ʻia a me ka loiloi, a me nā noiʻi kaiaola.
Ke ʻimi nei ʻoe e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana a me ka hilinaʻi o kāu mea kanu mana, makemake ʻoe i ka ʻike simulation kūpono e hiki ai iā ʻoe ma laila. Hoʻokahi hui i hoʻolaʻa i ka hana ʻana i nā simulators mea kanu mana maoli i ke ola e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o kāu poʻe limahana i ka ʻike e pono ai e hoʻokele pono i kāu mea kanu mana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-18-2019