A cikin duniyar fasahar zamani,wafers, wanda kuma aka sani da wafer silicon, sune ainihin abubuwan da ke cikin masana'antar semiconductor. Su ne tushen ƙera kayan aikin lantarki daban-daban kamar microprocessors, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, na'urori masu auna firikwensin, da sauransu, kuma kowane wafer yana ɗaukar yuwuwar abubuwan abubuwan lantarki marasa ƙima. Don haka me yasa muke yawan ganin wafers 25 a cikin akwati? Akwai ainihin la'akarin kimiyya da tattalin arziki na samar da masana'antu a bayan wannan.
Bayyana dalilin da yasa akwai wafers 25 a cikin akwati
Da farko, gane girman wafer. Matsakaicin girman wafer yawanci inci 12 ne da inci 15, wanda shine daidaitawa da kayan aiki da matakai daban-daban.12-inch wafersA halin yanzu sune nau'in gama gari saboda suna iya ɗaukar ƙarin kwakwalwan kwamfuta kuma suna da daidaito a cikin farashi da inganci.
Lambar "25 guda" ba na haɗari ba ne. Ya dogara ne akan hanyar yankewa da ingancin marufi na wafer. Bayan an samar da kowace wafer, yana buƙatar yanke shi don samar da kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu zaman kansu da yawa. Gabaɗaya magana, a12-inch waferzai iya yanke daruruwan ko ma dubban kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Koyaya, don sauƙin gudanarwa da sufuri, waɗannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta galibi ana tattara su a cikin ƙayyadaddun adadi, kuma guda 25 zaɓi ne na gama gari saboda ba shi da girma ko girma sosai, kuma yana iya tabbatar da isasshen kwanciyar hankali yayin sufuri.
Bugu da ƙari, adadin nau'ikan guda 25 kuma yana da amfani ga aiki da kai da haɓakar layin samarwa. Samar da tsari na iya rage farashin sarrafawa na yanki ɗaya kuma inganta ingantaccen samarwa. A lokaci guda, don ajiya da sufuri, akwatin wafer na 25 yana da sauƙin aiki kuma yana rage haɗarin fashewa.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa tare da ci gaban fasaha, wasu samfurori masu mahimmanci na iya ɗaukar adadi mai yawa na fakiti, kamar guda 100 ko 200, don ƙara inganta haɓakar samarwa. Koyaya, don yawancin samfuran mabukaci da samfuran tsakiyar kewayon, akwatin wafer guda 25 har yanzu shine daidaitaccen daidaitaccen tsari.
A taƙaice, akwati na wafers yawanci yana ƙunshe da guda 25, wanda shine ma'auni da masana'antar semiconductor ta samo tsakanin ingancin samarwa, sarrafa farashi da kuma dacewa. Tare da ci gaba da ci gaban fasaha, ana iya daidaita wannan lambar, amma ainihin ma'anar da ke bayansa - inganta hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki da inganta fa'idodin tattalin arziki - ya kasance ba canzawa.
12-inch wafer fabs suna amfani da FOUP da FOSB, da 8-inch da ƙasa (ciki har da 8-inch) suna amfani da Cassette, SMIF POD, da akwatin wafer, wato, 12-inchmai ɗaukar waferana kiransa tare da FOUP, da 8-inchmai ɗaukar waferana kiransa baki ɗaya Cassette. A yadda aka saba, FOUP mara komai yana auna kusan kilogiram 4.2, kuma FOUP da ke cike da wafers 25 yana kimanin kilo 7.3.
Dangane da bincike da kididdigar kungiyar masu binciken QYResearch, tallace-tallacen akwatin wafer na duniya ya kai yuan biliyan 4.8 a shekarar 2022, kuma ana sa ran zai kai yuan biliyan 7.7 a shekarar 2029, tare da karuwar karuwar shekara-shekara (CAGR) na 7.9%. Dangane da nau'in samfurin, semiconductor FOUP ya mamaye kaso mafi girma na duk kasuwa, kusan 73%. Dangane da aikace-aikacen samfur, aikace-aikacen mafi girma shine wafer inch 12, sannan kuma wafer 8-inch.
A gaskiya ma, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan wafer, kamar FOUP don canja wurin wafer a cikin masana'antar wafer; FOSB don sufuri tsakanin samar da wafer silicon da masana'antun masana'antu; Ana iya amfani da masu ɗaukar kaya CASSETTE don sufuri tsakanin tsari da amfani tare da matakai.
BUDE CASSETTE
BUDE CASSETTE ana amfani da shi a cikin hanyoyin sufuri tsakanin tsari da tsaftacewa a masana'antar wafer. Kamar FOSB, FOUP da sauran masu ɗaukar kaya, gabaɗaya yana amfani da kayan da ke jure yanayin zafin jiki, suna da kyawawan kaddarorin inji, kwanciyar hankali, kuma suna da ɗorewa, anti-static, low out-gassing, low hazo, da sake yin amfani da su. Girman wafer daban-daban, nodes na tsari, da kayan da aka zaɓa don matakai daban-daban sun bambanta. Abubuwan gabaɗaya sune PFA, PTFE, PP, PEEK, PES, PC, PBT, PEI, COP, da dai sauransu. An ƙirƙiri samfurin gabaɗaya tare da iyawar guda 25.
BUDE CASSETTE za a iya amfani da shi tare da madaidaicinWafer Cassettesamfurori don ajiyar wafer da sufuri tsakanin matakai don rage gurɓataccen wafer.
Ana amfani da BUDE CASSETTE tare da samfuran Wafer Pod (OHT) na musamman, waɗanda za'a iya amfani da su don watsawa ta atomatik, samun dama ta atomatik da ƙarin ajiyar hatimi tsakanin matakai a cikin masana'antar wafer da masana'anta guntu.
Tabbas, BUDE CASSETTE ana iya yin su kai tsaye zuwa samfuran CASSETTE. Samfurin Wafer na Kasuwanci yana da irin wannan tsari, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Zai iya biyan buƙatun sufuri na wafer daga masana'antar wafer zuwa masana'antar kera guntu. CASSETTE da sauran kayayyakin da aka samo daga gare ta na iya biyan bukatun watsawa, ajiya da sufuri tsakanin masana'antu tsakanin matakai daban-daban a masana'antar wafer da masana'antar guntu.
Akwatin Jirgin Wafer Buɗe Gaba FOSB
Akwatin Buɗewar Wafer na gaba FOSB ana amfani dashi galibi don jigilar wafers inch 12 tsakanin masana'antar wafer da masana'antar kera guntu. Saboda girman girman wafers da buƙatun mafi girma don tsabta; Ana amfani da guda na musamman na matsayi da ƙirar ƙira don rage ƙazanta da ke haifar da gogayya ta ƙaura; ana yin albarkatun ƙasa ne da ƙananan kayan da ake fitarwa, wanda zai iya rage haɗarin fitar da gurɓataccen iskar gas. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran akwatunan wafer na sufuri, FOSB yana da mafi kyawun iska. Bugu da kari, a cikin masana'antar layin marufi na baya-baya, FOSB kuma ana iya amfani da ita don ajiya da canja wurin wafers tsakanin matakai daban-daban.
Ana yin FOSB gabaɗaya zuwa guda 25. Baya ga ma'ajiya ta atomatik da dawo da ita ta Tsarin Kula da Kayan Aiki ta atomatik (AMHS), Hakanan ana iya sarrafa shi da hannu.
Gaban Buɗe Haɗe-haɗe
Front Opening Unified Pod (FOUP) galibi ana amfani da shi don kariya, sufuri da adana wafers a masana'antar Fab. Yana da mahimmancin ganga mai ɗaukar kaya don tsarin isar da atomatik a cikin masana'antar wafer na inch 12. Babban aikinsa shi ne tabbatar da cewa kowane wafers 25 yana kiyaye shi don guje wa gurɓatar da ƙura a cikin yanayin waje yayin watsawa tsakanin kowane injin samarwa, ta haka yana rinjayar yawan amfanin ƙasa. Kowane FOUP yana da faranti daban-daban, fil da ramuka domin FOUP yana kan tashar lodi kuma AMHS yana sarrafa shi. Yana amfani da ƙananan kayan da aka fitar da gas da ƙananan kayan shayar da danshi, wanda zai iya rage yawan sakin kwayoyin halitta da kuma hana kamuwa da wafer; a lokaci guda, kyakkyawan hatimi da aikin haɓakawa na iya samar da yanayin zafi mai sauƙi don wafer. Bugu da ƙari, FOUP za a iya tsara shi a cikin launi daban-daban, irin su ja, orange, baki, m, da dai sauransu, don saduwa da bukatun tsari da kuma bambanta matakai da matakai daban-daban; Gabaɗaya, abokan ciniki sun keɓance FOUP bisa ga layin samarwa da bambance-bambancen injin na masana'antar Fab.
Bugu da ƙari, POUP za a iya keɓance shi zuwa samfura na musamman don masana'antun marufi bisa ga matakai daban-daban kamar TSV da FAN OUT a cikin marufi na baya-baya, kamar SLOT FOUP, 297mm FOUP, da sauransu. FOUP na iya sake yin fa'ida, kuma tsawon rayuwarsa shine tsakanin shekaru 2-4. Masana'antun FOUP na iya ba da sabis na tsaftace samfur don saduwa da gurɓatattun samfuran da za a sake amfani da su.
Masu Jiragen Ruwa na Tsage-tsare marasa Tuntuɓi
Ana amfani da Masu Jiran Ruwa na Horizontal Wafer maras tuntuɓar su don jigilar wafers da aka gama, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa. Akwatin sufuri na Entegris yana amfani da zobe na tallafi don tabbatar da cewa wafers ba su tuntuɓar lokacin ajiya da sufuri ba, kuma yana da hatimi mai kyau don hana gurɓataccen ƙazanta, lalacewa, karo, fashewa, fashewa, da sauransu. Samfurin ya fi dacewa da Thin 3D, ruwan tabarau ko bumped wafers, da aikace-aikace yankunan sun hada da 3D, 2.5D, MEMS, LED da ikon semiconductor. Samfurin yana sanye da zoben tallafi na 26, tare da ƙarfin wafer na 25 (tare da kauri daban-daban), kuma girman wafer ya haɗa da 150mm, 200mm da 300mm.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-30-2024