An gudanar da Ranar Investor na Tesla na 2023 a Gigafactory a Texas. Shugaban Kamfanin Tesla, Elon Musk, ya bayyana babi na uku na "Master Plan" na Tesla -- wani gagarumin sauyi ga makamashi mai dorewa, da nufin cimma makamashi mai dorewa 100% nan da shekarar 2050.
An kasu kashi na 3 zuwa manyan bangarori biyar:
Cikakken motsi zuwa motocin lantarki;
Yin amfani da famfo mai zafi a cikin gida, kasuwanci da masana'antu;
Yin amfani da ajiyar makamashi mai zafi mai zafi da makamashin hydrogen kore a cikin masana'antu;
Dorewa da makamashi don jiragen sama da jiragen ruwa;
Ƙaddamar da grid na yanzu tare da makamashi mai sabuntawa.
A taron, duka Tesla da Musk sun ba da amsa ga hydrogen. Shirin 3 yana ba da shawarar makamashin hydrogen a matsayin mahimmin kayan abinci ga masana'antu. Musk ya ba da shawarar yin amfani da hydrogen don maye gurbin kwal gaba ɗaya, kuma ya ce wani adadin hydrogen zai zama dole a cikin hanyoyin masana'antu masu alaƙa, waɗanda ke buƙatar hydrogen kuma ana iya samar da su ta hanyar electrolysis na ruwa, amma duk da haka ya ce bai kamata a yi amfani da hydrogen a cikin motoci ba.
A cewar Musk, akwai bangarori biyar na ayyukan da ke da hannu wajen cimma nasarar samar da makamashi mai dorewa. Na farko shi ne kawar da makamashin burbushin halittu, don cimma nasarar amfani da makamashin da ake iya sabuntawa, da canza wutar lantarki da ake da su, da samar da wutar lantarki, da samar da wutar lantarki, sannan a canza zuwa famfunan zafi, da tunanin yadda ake canja wurin zafi, yadda ake amfani da makamashin hydrogen. sannan a karshe a yi tunanin yadda za a iya samar da wutar lantarkin jiragen sama da jiragen ruwa, ba motoci kadai ba, don cimma cikakkiyar wutar lantarki.
Musk ya kuma bayyana cewa, akwai abubuwa da yawa da za mu iya yi a halin yanzu, ta yin amfani da fasahohi daban-daban don yin hydrogen kai tsaye ya maye gurbin kwal ta yadda za a iya inganta samar da karfe, za a iya amfani da ƙananan ƙarfe kai tsaye don inganta hanyoyin masana'antu, kuma a ƙarshe, sauran wurare a cikin masana'antu. Za a iya inganta smelters don cimma ingantaccen rage hydrogen.
"Grand Plan" wani muhimmin dabarun Tesla ne. A baya, Tesla ya fitar da "Grand Plan 1" da "Grand Plan 2" a cikin watan Agustan 2006 da Yuli 2016, wanda ya shafi motocin lantarki, tuki mai sarrafa kansa, makamashin hasken rana, da dai sauransu. Yawancin tsare-tsaren dabarun da ke sama sun kasance.
Shirin na 3 ya himmatu wajen bunkasa tattalin arzikin makamashi mai dorewa tare da maƙasudin ƙididdiga don cimma shi: awoyi na terawatt 240 na ajiya, terawatts 30 na wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa, dala tiriliyan 10 na saka hannun jari a masana'antu, rabin tattalin arzikin mai a cikin makamashi, ƙasa da 0.2% na ƙasa. 10% na GDP na duniya a cikin 2022, shawo kan duk kalubalen albarkatu.
Tesla ita ce kamfanin kera motocin lantarki mafi girma a duniya, kuma tallace-tallacen motocinsa masu amfani da wutar lantarki za su yi kyau. Kafin haka, shugaban kamfanin Tesla, Elon Musk, ya kasance mai tsananin shakku game da sinadarin hydrogen da hydrogen, kuma a bainar jama'a ya bayyana ra'ayinsa game da "raguwar" ci gaban hydrogen a wasu dandamali na zamantakewa.
Tun da farko, Musk ya yi izgili da kalmar "Fuel Cell" a matsayin "Wawa Cell" a wani taron bayan da aka sanar da kamfanin man fetur na Mirai hydrogen na Toyota. Man fetur na hydrogen ya dace da rokoki, amma ba don motoci ba.
A cikin 2021, Musk ya goyi bayan Shugaban Volkswagen Herbert Diess lokacin da ya buge hydrogen akan Twitter.
A ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2022, Musk ya yi tweeted cewa Tesla zai canza daga lantarki zuwa hydrogen a cikin 2024 kuma ya ƙaddamar da Model H na man fetur na hydrogen - a zahiri, ranar wawa ta Afrilu ta Musk, ta sake yin ba'a ga ci gaban hydrogen.
A cikin wata hira da Financial Times a ranar 10 ga Mayu, 2022, Musk ya ce, "Hydrogen shine ra'ayin wauta don amfani da shi azaman ajiyar makamashi," ya kara da cewa, "Hydrogen ba hanya ce mai kyau don adana makamashi ba."
Tesla ya dade ba shi da wani shiri na saka hannun jari a cikin motocin dakon mai na hydrogen. A cikin Maris 2023, Tesla ya haɗa abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da hydrogen a cikin "Babban Shirin 3" wanda ke mai da hankali kan haɓaka shirin tattalin arzikin makamashi mai dorewa, wanda ya bayyana cewa Musk da Tesla sun fahimci muhimmiyar rawar da hydrogen ke takawa wajen sauya makamashi kuma suna tallafawa haɓakar koren hydrogen.
A halin yanzu, motocin jigilar man fetur na duniya hydrogen, kayan aikin tallafi da dukkanin sarkar masana'antu suna haɓaka cikin sauri. Bisa kididdigar farko na kungiyar makamashin nukiliya ta kasar Sin, ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2022, adadin motocin dakon mai a manyan kasashen duniya ya kai 67,315, inda aka samu karuwar kashi 36.3 bisa dari a duk shekara. Yawan motocin dakon man fetur ya karu daga 826 a shekarar 2015 zuwa 67,488 a shekarar 2022. A cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, yawan karuwar adadin man fetur na shekara-shekara ya kai kashi 52.97%, wanda ke cikin kwanciyar hankali. A shekarar 2022, adadin sayar da motocin dakon mai a manyan kasashe ya kai 17,921, wanda ya karu da kashi 9.9 cikin dari a shekara.
Sabanin tunanin Musk, IEA ta bayyana hydrogen a matsayin "mai ɗaukar nauyi mai yawa" tare da aikace-aikace masu yawa, ciki har da aikace-aikacen masana'antu da sufuri. A cikin 2019, IEA ta ce hydrogen na ɗaya daga cikin manyan zaɓuɓɓuka don adana makamashi mai sabuntawa, tare da yin alƙawarin zama zaɓi mafi ƙarancin farashi don adana wutar lantarki na kwanaki, makonni ko ma watanni. Hukumar ta IEA ta kara da cewa dukkan man da ake amfani da su na hydrogen da hydrogen na iya jigilar makamashin da za a iya sabuntawa ta hanyar nesa mai nisa.
Bugu da kari, bayanan jama'a sun nuna cewa, ya zuwa yanzu, dukkan manyan kamfanonin motoci goma da ke da kaso na kasuwannin duniya, sun shiga kasuwar hada-hadar man fetur ta hydrogen, inda suka bude tsarin kasuwancin man hydrogen. A halin yanzu, ko da yake har yanzu Tesla ya ce bai kamata a yi amfani da hydrogen a cikin motoci ba, manyan kamfanonin motoci 10 na duniya ta hanyar tallace-tallace, duk suna tura kasuwancin man fetur na hydrogen, wanda ke nufin cewa makamashin hydrogen an amince da shi a matsayin sararin ci gaba a fannin sufuri. .
Mai alaƙa: Menene tasirin duk manyan motoci 10 masu siyar da motocin da ke shimfida hanyoyin tseren hydrogen?
Gabaɗaya, hydrogen na ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin motoci na duniya don zaɓar hanyar da za ta kasance a nan gaba. A halin yanzu, sake fasalin tsarin makamashi yana haifar da sarkar masana'antar makamashin hydrogen ta duniya don shiga wani babban mataki. A nan gaba, tare da ci gaba da balaga da masana'antu na fasahar salula na man fetur, saurin haɓakar buƙatun ƙasa, ci gaba da haɓaka samar da kasuwanci da sikelin tallace-tallace, ci gaba da balaga na sarkar samar da kayayyaki da ci gaba da gasa na mahalarta kasuwa, farashi da kuma ci gaba da ci gaban kasuwa farashin man fetur zai fadi da sauri. A yau, lokacin da ake ba da shawarar ci gaba mai dorewa, makamashin hydrogen, makamashi mai tsabta, zai sami kasuwa mai yawa. A nan gaba aikace-aikace na sabon makamashi dole ne ya zama Multi-mataki, da hydrogen makamashi motocin za su ci gaba da hanzarta taki na ci gaba.
An gudanar da Ranar Investor na Tesla na 2023 a Gigafactory a Texas. Shugaban Kamfanin Tesla, Elon Musk, ya bayyana babi na uku na "Master Plan" na Tesla -- wani gagarumin sauyi ga makamashi mai dorewa, da nufin cimma makamashi mai dorewa 100% nan da shekarar 2050.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 13-2023