Tsarin ci gaban silicon monocrystalline ana aiwatar da shi gaba ɗaya a cikin filin thermal. Kyakkyawan filin thermal yana da kyau don inganta ingancin lu'ulu'u kuma yana da inganci mafi girma. Zane-zane na filin zafi ya fi ƙayyade canje-canje a cikin matakan zafin jiki a cikin filin zafi mai ƙarfi da kuma kwararar gas a cikin ɗakin tanderu. Bambanci a cikin kayan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin filin zafi kai tsaye yana ƙayyade rayuwar sabis na filin thermal. Filin thermal mara ma'ana ba kawai yana da wahala don girma lu'ulu'u waɗanda suka dace da buƙatun inganci ba, amma kuma ba zai iya girma cikakken monocrystalline ƙarƙashin wasu buƙatun tsari ba. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa masana'antar siliki ta monocrystalline mai jawo kai tsaye ta ɗauki ƙirar filin zafi a matsayin fasaha mafi mahimmanci kuma tana saka hannun jari mai yawa da albarkatun ƙasa a cikin bincike da haɓaka filin zafi.
Tsarin thermal yana kunshe da kayan filin zafi daban-daban. Mu kawai a taƙaice gabatar da kayan da ake amfani da su a filin thermal. Amma game da rarraba zafin jiki a cikin filin thermal da tasirinsa akan jawo crystal, ba za mu yi nazari a nan ba. Abun filin thermal yana nufin tsari da ɓangaren rufewar thermal a cikin ɗakin murhu na haɓakar kristal, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar rarraba zazzabi mai dacewa a kusa da narke semiconductor da crystal.
1. Thermal tsarin tsarin abu
Babban kayan tallafi don hanyar ja kai tsaye don girma silicon monocrystalline shine graphite mai tsafta. Kayan zane-zane suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a masana'antar zamani. Ana iya amfani da su azaman kayan aikin filin zafi kamar sumasu dumama, bututun jagora, crucibles, bututun rufewa, tire mai ƙusa, da sauransu a cikin shirye-shiryen silicon monocrystalline ta hanyar Czochralski.
Kayan zane-zanean zaba saboda suna da sauƙin shirya a cikin manyan kundin, ana iya sarrafa su kuma suna da tsayayya ga yanayin zafi. Carbon a cikin sigar lu'u-lu'u ko graphite yana da wurin narkewa mafi girma fiye da kowane abu ko fili. Kayayyakin zane-zane suna da ƙarfi sosai, musamman a yanayin zafi mai girma, kuma ƙarfin wutar lantarki da yanayin zafi shima yana da kyau sosai. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya sa ya dace a matsayin ahitaabu. Yana da madaidaicin ma'aunin zafin jiki mai gamsarwa, wanda ke ba da damar zafin da injin ke samarwa don rarraba daidai gwargwado ga crucible da sauran sassan filin zafi. Duk da haka, a yanayin zafi mai zafi, musamman a kan dogon nisa, babban yanayin canja wurin zafi shine radiation.
An fara yin sassan zane-zane da kyawawan barbashi na carbonaceous gauraye da abin ɗaure kuma an samar da su ta hanyar extrusion ko latsawar isostatic. Yawancin ɓangarorin graphite masu inganci galibi ana danna su ta hanyar isostatically. Gabaɗayan yanki an fara yin carbonized sannan a zayyana shi a yanayin zafi sosai, kusa da 3000°C. Abubuwan da aka sarrafa daga waɗannan guda gabaɗaya galibi ana tsarkake su a cikin yanayi mai ɗauke da chlorine a yanayin zafi mai zafi don cire gurɓataccen ƙarfe don biyan buƙatun masana'antar semiconductor. Koyaya, ko da bayan tsarkakewa da kyau, matakin gurɓataccen ƙarfe yana da umarni da yawa na girma sama da waɗanda aka ba da izini ga kayan silicon monocrystalline. Sabili da haka, dole ne a kula da ƙirar filin zafin jiki don hana gurɓatar waɗannan abubuwan daga shiga cikin narke ko kristal.
Kayan graphite suna da ɗan juyewa, wanda ke sauƙaƙa ragowar ƙarfe a ciki don isa saman. Bugu da ƙari, silicon monoxide da ke cikin iskar gas ɗin da ke kewaye da saman graphite zai iya shiga cikin yawancin kayan kuma ya amsa.
Na farko monocrystalline silicon tanderun dumama aka yi da refractory karafa kamar tungsten da molybdenum. Tare da haɓakar balagaggen fasahar sarrafa graphite, kayan lantarki na haɗin kai tsakanin abubuwan haɗin graphite sun zama karko, kuma masu dumama tanderun silicon monocrystalline sun maye gurbin gaba ɗaya tungsten, molybdenum da sauran kayan dumama. A halin yanzu, kayan aikin graphite da aka fi amfani dashi shine graphite isostatic. Fasahar shirye-shiryen graphite na ƙasata tana da koma baya sosai, kuma galibin kayan aikin graphite da ake amfani da su a masana'antar ɗaukar hoto ta cikin gida ana shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje. Kasashen waje masu kera graphite na waje sun hada da SGL na Jamus, Tokai Carbon na Japan, Toyo Tanso na Japan, da sauransu. faranti da sauran abubuwa. Carbon / carbon (C / C) composites ne carbon fiber ƙarfafa carbon tushen composites tare da jerin kyawawan kaddarorin kamar high takamaiman ƙarfi, high takamaiman modules, low thermal fadada coefficient, mai kyau lantarki watsin, high karaya taurin, low takamaiman nauyi, Juriya girgiza thermal, juriya na lalata, da juriya mai zafi. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da su ko'ina a sararin samaniya, tsere, biomaterials da sauran fagage a matsayin sabbin kayan tsarin da ke jure yanayin zafi. A halin yanzu, manyan matsalolin da kamfanonin C/C na cikin gida ke fuskanta har yanzu batutuwan tsada da masana'antu ne.
Akwai wasu abubuwa da yawa da ake amfani da su don yin filayen zafi. Carbon fiber ƙarfafa graphite yana da mafi inji Properties; amma ya fi tsada kuma yana da wasu buƙatu don ƙira.Silicon carbide (SiC)abu ne mafi kyau fiye da graphite a bangarori da yawa, amma yana da tsada sosai kuma yana da wuya a shirya sassa masu girma. Koyaya, ana amfani da SiC sau da yawa azaman aCVD shafidon ƙara rayuwar sassan graphite da aka fallasa ga iskar siliki monoxide mai lalata, kuma yana iya rage gurɓatawa daga graphite. Maɗaukakin CVD silicon carbide shafi yadda ya kamata yana hana gurɓataccen abu a cikin microporous graphite abu daga isa saman.
Wani kuma shine CVD carbon, wanda kuma zai iya samar da babban Layer sama da sashin graphite. Sauran kayan da ke jure zafin jiki, irin su molybdenum ko kayan yumbu waɗanda za su iya zama tare da muhalli, ana iya amfani da su a inda babu haɗarin gurɓata narkewa. Koyaya, yumbura oxide gabaɗaya yana iyakance a cikin ikon su ga kayan graphite a yanayin zafi mai girma, kuma akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka kaɗan idan ana buƙatar rufi. Ɗayan shine boron nitride hexagonal (wani lokaci ana kiransa farin graphite saboda irin wannan kaddarorin), amma kayan aikin injiniya ba su da kyau. Ana amfani da Molybdenum gabaɗaya don yanayin yanayin zafi mai girma saboda matsakaicin farashi, ƙarancin watsawa a cikin lu'ulu'u na silicon, da ƙarancin rarrabuwa na kusan 5 × 108, wanda ke ba da izinin ƙayyadaddun ƙwayar molybdenum kafin lalata tsarin crystal.
2. Thermal rufi kayan
Abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su na rufe fuska shine carbon ji ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Jikin Carbon an yi shi da siraran zaruruwa, waɗanda ke aiki azaman rufi saboda suna toshe raɗaɗin zafin rana sau da yawa akan ɗan ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ana saka jigon carbon mai laushi zuwa cikin ƙananan zanen kaya, waɗanda sai a yanke su zuwa siffar da ake so kuma a lanƙwasa su cikin radius mai ma'ana. Abubuwan da aka warke sun ƙunshi nau'ikan fiber iri ɗaya, kuma ana amfani da ɗaure mai ɗauke da carbon don haɗa zaruruwan da aka tarwatsa zuwa wani abu mai ƙarfi da siffa. Yin amfani da tururin sinadari na carbon maimakon ɗaure zai iya inganta ingantattun kayan aikin.
Yawanci, an lulluɓe saman farfajiyar zafin jiki na zafin jiki tare da ci gaba da lullubi mai graphite ko foil don rage yashwa da lalacewa gami da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu. Hakanan akwai wasu nau'ikan kayan rufewar zafi na tushen carbon, kamar kumfa carbon. Gabaɗaya, an fi son kayan graphitized a fili saboda graphitization yana rage girman filin fiber. Fitar da waɗannan abubuwan da ke saman saman saman yana raguwa sosai, kuma yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kaɗan don zubar da tanderun zuwa injin da ya dace. Wani kuma shine kayan haɗin C/C, wanda ke da fitattun halaye irin su nauyi mai nauyi, babban jurewa lalacewa da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. An yi amfani da shi a cikin filayen thermal don maye gurbin sassan graphite yana rage yawan sauyawar sassa na graphite, inganta ingancin monocrystalline da kwanciyar hankali na samarwa.
Dangane da rarrabuwar kayan albarkatun ƙasa, ana iya raba jigon carbon zuwa cikin jigon carbon polyacrylonitrile, jigon carbon na tushen viscose, da kuma ji na tushen farar.
Polyacrylonitrile na tushen carbon ji yana da babban abun ciki na toka. Bayan maganin zafin jiki mai zafi, fiber guda ɗaya ya zama mara ƙarfi. Yayin aiki, yana da sauƙi don samar da ƙura don gurɓata yanayin tanderun. Hakazalika, fiber na iya shiga cikin ramuka da hanyoyin numfashi na jikin dan Adam cikin sauki, wanda ke da illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. Carbon na tushen Viscose yana da kyakkyawan aikin rufewa na thermal. Yana da ɗan laushi mai laushi bayan maganin zafi kuma ba shi da sauƙi don haifar da ƙura. Duk da haka, ɓangaren giciye na tushen fiber na tushen viscose ba bisa ka'ida ba ne, kuma akwai tsagi da yawa a kan fiber surface. Yana da sauƙi don samar da iskar gas kamar C02 a ƙarƙashin yanayin iska na CZ silicon tanderun, yana haifar da hazo na oxygen da abubuwan carbon a cikin kayan silicon monocrystalline. Manyan masana'antun sun haɗa da Jamusanci SGL da sauran kamfanoni. A halin yanzu, mafi yawan amfani da su a cikin masana'antar monocrystalline na semiconductor shine tushen carbon ji, wanda ke da mafi munin aikin rufin zafi fiye da yadda ake ji na tushen viscose, amma carbon tushen ji na yana da mafi girman tsabta da ƙarancin ƙura. Masu kera sun haɗa da sinadarin Kureha na Japan da kuma iskar Osaka.
Saboda siffar carbon ji ba a gyara shi ba, yana da wuya a yi aiki. Yanzu kamfanoni da yawa sun ƙirƙira wani sabon kayan rufewa na thermal wanda ya dogara da iskar carbon da aka warkar da shi. Jikin carbon ɗin da aka warke, wanda kuma ake kira da ƙarfi ji, wani nau'in carbon ji ne tare da wani siffa da kayan dorewa bayan ji mai laushi yana ciki da guduro, laminated, warkewa da carbonized.
Ingantacciyar haɓakar siliki ta monocrystalline tana shafar yanayin yanayin zafi kai tsaye, kuma abubuwan da ke haifar da zafin jiki na carbon fiber suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan yanayin. Carbon fiber thermal insulation soft ji har yanzu yana da gagarumin fa'ida a cikin photovoltaic semiconductor masana'antu saboda da kudin amfani, m thermal rufi sakamako, m zane da customizable siffar. Bugu da kari, carbon fiber hard thermal insulation ji zai sami mafi girma sarari ci gaba a cikin thermal filin kasuwa saboda da wani ƙarfi da kuma mafi girma aiki. Mun himmatu don yin bincike da haɓakawa a fagen kayan haɓakar thermal, da ci gaba da haɓaka aikin samfur don haɓaka wadata da haɓaka masana'antar semiconductor na hotovoltaic.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-12-2024