Cikakken bincike na ka'idar dumama na sandar graphite

Cikakken bincike na ka'idar dumama na sandar graphite

Ana amfani da sandar graphite sau da yawa azamanlantarki hita na high-zazzabi injin injin tanderu. Yana da sauƙi don oxidize a babban zafin jiki. Ban da injin, ana iya amfani da shi ne kawai a cikin tsaka tsaki ko rage yanayi. Yana da ƙananan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun haɓakar haɓakar thermal, babban haɓakar thermal, juriya mai zafi, matsanancin sanyi da matsananciyar juriya, da ƙarancin farashi. Matsakaicin adadin iskar shaka da haɓakar ƙima na graphite yana shafar rayuwar sabis na janareta mai zafi. Lokacin da sarari na gaskiya shine 10-3 ~ 10-4 mmHg, zafin sabis ɗin yakamata ya kasance ƙasa da 2300 ℃. A cikin yanayin tsaro (H2, N2, AR, da dai sauransu), zafin sabis na iya kaiwa 3000 ℃. Ba za a iya amfani da graphite a cikin iska ba, in ba haka ba zai zama oxidized da cinyewa. Yana amsawa da ƙarfi tare da W sama da 1400 ℃ don samar da carbides.
Sandan graphite galibi ya ƙunshi graphite, don haka zamu iya fahimtahalaye na graphite:
Matsayin narkewa na graphite yana da girma sosai. Yana fara yin laushi kuma yakan narke lokacin da ya kai 3000C a ƙarƙashin injin. A 3600c, graphite ya fara ƙafewa da ƙasƙanci. Ƙarfin kayan gabaɗaya a hankali yana raguwa a babban zafin jiki. Duk da haka, lokacin da graphite ya zafi zuwa 2000c, ƙarfinsa ya ninka sau biyu a zafin jiki. Duk da haka, juriya na oxidation na graphite ba shi da kyau, kuma adadin iskar shaka yana ƙaruwa a hankali tare da karuwar zafin jiki.
A thermal watsin da conductivity na graphite ne quite high. Ayyukansa ya ninka na bakin karfe sau 4 sama da na bakin karfe, sau 2 ya fi na carbon karfe da kuma sau 100 sama da na gaba daya. Yanayin zafinsa ba kawai ya wuce na kayan ƙarfe kamar ƙarfe, ƙarfe da gubar ba, amma kuma yana raguwa tare da haɓakar zafin jiki, wanda ya bambanta da kayan ƙarfe na gabaɗaya. Graphite har ma yakan zama adiabatic a matsanancin zafin jiki. Saboda haka, aikin rufin thermal na graphite yana da aminci sosai a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai tsananin zafi.
A ƙarshe, za mu iya ƙarasa da cewa dumama manufa nasandar graphiteshine: mafi girma na yanzu da aka ƙara zuwa sandar graphite, mafi girman yanayin zafin saman sandar graphite.